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首页> 外文会议>Conjunctive use of water resources: Aquifer storage and recovery >GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS OF OPEN-PIT MINE DEWATERING IN NORTHERN NEVADA
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GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS OF OPEN-PIT MINE DEWATERING IN NORTHERN NEVADA

机译：内华达州北部露天矿露水的地下水管理意义

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The Humboldt River basin in northern Nevada provides more than half of the current United States' gold production. Most of this mining occurs in deep, open pit mines excavated up to 1000 feet below the groundwater table. A basinwide water balance model suggests three factors lead to deficits and future negative impacts to other groundwater users and natural amenities. First, mines pump water for processing ore and dewatering. However, they discharged more than half of the pumped water, which totaled 850,000 acre-feet between 1992 and mid-1996, to surface sources. Projected pumpage exceeds 3,000,000 acre-feet by 2010. Second, the pits themselves represent a deficit in that large lakes, up to 460,000 acre-feet, will form after dewatering is stopped. The total deficit will exceed 4,000,000 acre-feet in a basin with total storage of 8,000,000 acre-feet in the surface aquifer near the river and annual flows of less than 200,000 acre-feet. Third, evaporation from pit lakes will exceed three percent of the annual surface and groundwater flow. Detailed water balance modeling shows greater potential impacts on subbasins, with some areas having deficits of more than half of the storage and evaporation more than five times the outflow and 25 percent of the recharge to the basin. There is much uncertainty regarding water sources to fill deficits and impacts on the Humboldt River. Additional research, including a basin groundwater model, is necessary to address uncertainties. Conjunctive use with recharge schemes could help prepare for the future.
机译：内华达州北部的洪堡河盆地提供了目前美国目前黄金产量的一半以上。这种开采大部分发生在地下深至1000英尺深的露天矿中。流域范围内的水平衡模型表明，三个因素导致了水资源短缺，并给其他地下水使用者和自然设施带来了未来的负面影响。首先，矿山用泵抽水处理矿石和进行脱水。但是，他们将一半以上的抽水排放到地表水源，在1992年至1996年中，这部分水的总面积为850,000英亩-英尺。到2010年，预计的抽水量将超过300万英亩-英尺。第二，由于脱水停止后将形成多达460,000英亩-英尺的大型湖泊，因此矿坑本身就构成了赤字。一个流域的总赤字将超过400万英亩-英尺，河流附近的地表含水层中的总存储量为800万英亩-英尺，年流量不足20万英亩-英尺。第三，坑湖的蒸发量将超过年度地表水和地下水流量的3％。详细的水平衡模型显示了对子盆地的更大潜在影响，一些地区的赤字占蓄水量和蒸发量的一半以上，超过流域的五倍，流域补给量的25％。关于填补赤字和对洪堡河的影响的水资源存在很多不确定性。为了解决不确定性，还需要进行其他研究，包括流域地下水模型。与充值方案结合使用可以为将来做好准备。

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