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APPLICATIONS OF CRYOSAT-2 SAR SARIN MODES FOR THE MONITORING OF RIVERWATER LEVELS

机译:CRYOSAT-2 SAR和SARIN模式在河流水位监测中的应用

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Regarding hydrology applications and particularly thernmonitoring of river water levels from space, the CryoSat-rn2 ice mission has two main valuable characteristics:rn(1) its geodetic orbit and (2) the altimeter’s SAR andrnSARin modes.rnThe benefits of the geodetic orbit of the satellite havernbeen illustrated in the frame of the ”20 years of progressrnin radar altimetry” symposium (Venice, 2012) [2]. Itrnhas been shown that, with such an orbit, the way riverrnwater level was monitored using conventional altimetersrnhad to be revisited. In particular, using LRM mode only,rnCryoSat-2 allowed us to build spatio-temporal time seriesrnof the river water level, to map river’s topography andrneventually derive pseudo-time series and pseudo-profilesrnof the river.rnThis paper focuses on the new ways to use altimetry forrnthe monitoring of river water levels. SIRAL’s (CryoSat-2rnaltimeter) SAR and SARin modes have the ability to deliverrnsurface heights with an unprecedented along-trackrnresolution of about 300 m. Moreover, using the SARinrnmode (involving the satellite’s two antennas), the crosstrackrnangle of the retracked echo is also available in routine.rnThese two aspects of the SARin mode (high resolutionrnand cross-track angle) make it a new tool to distinguishrnwhether the retracked echo came from the surfacernof interest (e.g., a river) or any other reflective objectrnnearby the surface of interest (e.g., another river section,rnlakes or temporary lake after flooding events or any otherrnspecular surfaces).rnWe introduce the multiple benefits of using the intermediaternmulti-look matrix (also known as stack matrix),rnamong them: (1) to refine and select among the multiplernDoppler-beam waveforms before averaging and retrackingrnthem, and (2) to be able to study the surfaces responsernaccording to their view angle.rnCustom products processed at ESA (ESRIN) by Dinardornet al. [7], in the perspective of Sentinel-3, as well as officialrnCryoSat-2 L1b and L2 products were used to illustraternthese perspectives.rnThe paper mainly introduces the potential new applicationsrnbrought by SIRAL’s SAR and SARin modes.rnFinally, combined with its really dense geodetic orbit,rnCryoSat-2 can be seen as a topography mission that pavesrnthe way toward the SWOT mission.
机译:关于水文学的应用,特别是从太空对河流水位进行监测,CryoSat-rn2冰雪任务具有两个主要的宝贵特征:(1)大地轨道和(2)高度计的SAR和SAR模式,rn。在“雷达测高技术的20年进步”专题讨论会的框架(威尼斯,2012年)中说明了卫星的空洞[2]。研究表明,在这样的轨道上,必须重新研究使用常规高度计监测河流水位的方式。特别是,CryoSat-2仅使用LRM模式,就可以建立河流水位的时空时间序列,绘制河流的地形图,并最终得出河流的伪时间序列和伪剖面。用高空仪来监测河水位。 SIRAL(CryoSat-2高度计)的SAR和SARin模式能够以前所未有的约300 m的航迹分辨率传递地面高度。此外,使用SARinrnmode(涉及卫星的两个天线),也可以在例行程序中使用重轨回波的跨轨角.rn SARin模式的这两个方面(高分辨率和跨轨角)使其成为区分是否是重轨回声的新工具。来自感兴趣的地表物体(例如河流)或其他感兴趣的物体(例如洪水事件后的另一条河段,湖泊或临时湖或任何其他镜面表面)。我们介绍了使用中间多重物体的多重好处。外观矩阵(也称为堆栈矩阵),其中包括:(1)在平均多径多普勒光束之前对其进行精炼和选择,然后重新跟踪它们;(2)能够根据其视角研究表面响应。 Dinardornet等人在ESA(ESRIN)处理。 [7],从Sentinel-3的角度,以及官方的CryoSat-2 L1b和L2产品来说明这些观点。本文主要介绍了SIRAL的SAR和SARin模式带来的潜在新应用。大地轨道,CryoSat-2可以看作是向SWOT任务铺平道路的地形任务。

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