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首页> 外文会议>CryoSat third user workshop >COASTAL SAR ALTIMETRY: AN EXPERIMENT IN THE NORTHERN CASPIAN SEA
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COASTAL SAR ALTIMETRY: AN EXPERIMENT IN THE NORTHERN CASPIAN SEA

机译：沿海SAR测高仪：北卡皮海的一项实验

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As it has been already shown by previous works [8], thernCryoSat-2 SAR Echoes behave very well in accordancernwith the waveform physical models even in the veryrnproximity of the coastline in case of favourablernconditions (ground-tracks orthogonal to the coastline)rnwhereas they can be still heavily land-contaminated inrncase the ground-track runs parallel to the coast line.rnThis anisotropic effect is due to the shrinkage of thernspatial resolution in SAR mode that occurs only in thernalong-track direction, leaving unchanged the acrosstrackrnresolution.rnAs a consequence of this footprint shrinkage, the adventrnof SAR Mode promises to revolutionize the coastalrnzone satellite altimetry.rnAnyway, nowadays, all the current more mature SARrnre-tracking methodologies (SAMOSA and CNES/CLSrnCPP) are designed to offer the best performances overrnopen ocean surfaces (diffusive surface scatteringrnmechanism).rnNotwithstanding, they may perform also very well inrncoastal zones unless:rn1) the echoes suffer a really "heavy" contaminationrnfrom the surrounding landrn2) the echoes originate from very shallow and stillrncoastal waters (specular surface scatteringrnmechanism).rnThis second case is not very frequent in coastal zonesrnbut it may be observed now more often because in SARrnmode we have finally the possibility, in favourablernconditions, to really reach the shoreline where a stillrnwater scenario can be encountered.rnFollowing the initial work presented at 6th CoastalrnAltimetry Workshop (2012), we will attempt to adaptrnthe original open ocean SAMOSA SAR Echo Model torna coastal still water scenario.Indeed, the SAMOSA SARrnEcho Model is a “water” model and can be used tornreproduce a SAR Echo originated either from roughrnwater surface (open ocean) or from standing waterrnsurface (bays, wetlands, lakes and rivers).rnThe model adaptation to coastal still water scenario willrnbe operated estimating the water surface rms slopern(RMSS) from the backscattered power distribution vs.rnlook angle as achieved integrating in range the SARrnStack’s power echoes. This RMSS parameter is anrnindicator of how much specular or diffusive is thernsurface illuminated by the radar.rnThe RMSS parameter will be hence fed as input in thernSAMOSA Physical Model in order for the model tornadapt itself automatically to the changed water scenariornconditions, turning the model’s classic long-tail SARrnwaveform into a very peaky specular waveform.rnThe SAMOSA model will be implemented in its fullrnanalytical formulation (zero-order and first-order term),rnneglecting only the effect of the water surface skewness.rnThe benefit of this methodology is that we use the samernmodel and re-tracker scheme either for open oceanrnconditions or for coastal still water conditions, avoidingrnhence any bias or discontinuity in height, typicallyrnoccurring when one swaps waveform model or retrackerrnscheme along the same pass.rnThe experiment will be run at the wetlands of thernVolga’s Delta in the Northern Caspian Sea in summerrntime. CryoSat-2 is covering the area in SAR mode andrnalong the passes, the instrument is facing an abruptrntransition from diffusive open sea condition to veryrnspecular water conditions over the Volga’s Deltarnwetlands. Hence, this seems to be the ideal environmentrnwhere to test the proposed methodology.
机译：如以前的工作[8]所示，CryoSat-2 SAR回波即使在有利的条件下（与海岸线正交的地面轨迹），也能很好地符合波形物理模型，即使在海岸线非常接近的情况下也是如此。如果地面轨道与海岸线平行，则仍然受到严重的土地污染.rn这种各向异性效应是由于SAR模式下空间分辨率的缩小仅发生在沿轨道方向上，而跨轨分辨率不变。无论如何，如今，所有当前更成熟的SARrnre跟踪方法（SAMOSA和CNES / CLSrnCPP）都旨在提供最佳性能，以覆盖开阔的海洋表面（扩散表面散射机制）。 ）.rn尽管如此，它们在沿海地区也可能表现得很好，除非：rn1）回波受到来自周围陆地的真正“重度”污染2）回波源自非常浅和静止的沿海水域（镜面表面散射机制）。这第二种情况在沿海地区不是很常见，但现在可能更常见，因为在SARrn模式下，我们终于有了在有利条件下，有可能真正到达可能遇到死水情景的海岸线。在第六届Coastalrntimetime讲习班（2012）提出的初步工作之后，我们将尝试适应原始的开放海洋SAMOSA SAR Echo Model Torna沿海静止水情景。的确，SAMOSA SARrnEcho模型是一种“水”模型，可用于再现粗糙水面（开阔的海洋）或立水面（海湾，湿地，湖泊和河流）起源的SAR回声。将根据背向散射功率分布估算水面均方根斜率（RMSS）在SARrnStack的功率回波范围内进行积分获得的基台角度与视角角度的关系。该RMSS参数是雷达照射的镜面反射率或反射率的指标。因此，RMSS参数将作为SAMOSA物理模型的输入，以使模型自动适应变化的水情，从而使模型的经典SARSAR波形变成非常尖的镜面波形。rnSAMOSA模型将以其完整的分析公式（零阶和一阶项）实施，而仅忽略水面偏斜的影响。rn这种方法的优势在于我们使用了无论是在开阔的海洋条件下还是在沿海静水条件下，都采用相同的模型和重新跟踪方案，避免出现高度偏差或不连续性，通常是在同一通行证交换波形模型或重新跟踪方案时出现的错误。该实验将在伏尔加河三角洲的湿地进行在夏季里海北部。 CryoSat-2正以SAR模式覆盖整个区域，并且沿途经过，该仪器正面临从伏尔加河三角洲湿地扩散海面突然转变为镜面水况的突然转变。因此，这似乎是测试拟议方法的理想环境。

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  • 来源
    《CryoSat third user workshop》|2013年|1-8|共8页
  • 会议地点 Dresden(DE)
  • 作者

    Dinardo Salvatore; Bruno Manuel Lucas; Jér?me Benveniste;

  • 作者单位

    SERCO/ESRIN, Via Sciadonna 24/26, Frascati, Italy, Email: salvatore.dinardo@esa.int;

    DEIMOS/ESRIN, Av. D. Jo?o II, Lote 1.17.01 - 10o, Lisbon, Portugal Email: bruno.manuel.lucas@esa.int;

    ESA/ESRIN, Via Galileo Galilei, Frascati, Italy, Email: jerome.benveniste@esa.int;

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