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Dynamic Genome Evolution of the Oryza Genomes

机译：水稻基因组的动态基因组进化。

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摘要

Comparative genomics is a powerful tool to decipher gene and genome evolution.Placing multiple genome comparisons in a phylogenetic context improves the sensitivity of evolutionary inferences.A large genomic region surrounding the MONOCULM1 (MOCI) locus was chosen for study in 14 Oryza species.Sequencing and annotation of 18 bacterial artificial chromosome clones for these species revealed highly conserved gene colinearity and structure in the MOC1 region.Since the Oryza radiation about 14 million years ago,differences in transposon amplification appear to be responsible for the different current sizes of the Oryza genomes.In the MOC1 region,transposons were only conserved between genomes of the same type.In addition to the conserved gene content,several apparent genes have been generated de novo or uniquely retained in the AA lineage.Large and apparently non-coding sequences flanking the MOC1 gene were observed to be under strong purifying selection.The allotetraploids Oryza alta and Oryza minuta were found to be products of recent polyploidization,less than 1.6 and 0.4 mya,respectively.In allotetraploids,pseudogenization of duplicated genes was common,caused by large deletions,small frameshiffing insertions/deletions or nonsense mutations.Comparative sequence analysis of a few other genomic regions will be discussed as well.
机译：比较基因组学是解密基因和基因组进化的有力工具，将多个基因组进行系统进化比较可以提高进化推断的敏感性，并选择了围绕MONOCULM1（MOCI）基因座的大型基因组区域进行14种稻谷物种的研究。这些物种的18个细菌人工染色体克隆的注释揭示了MOC1区高度保守的基因共线性和结构。自大约1400万年前的Oryza辐射以来，转座子扩增的差异似乎是造成Oryza基因组当前大小不同的原因。在MOC1区域中，转座子仅在相同类型的基因组之间保守。除保守的基因含量外，还从头产生了几个明显的基因，或独特地保留在AA谱系中。MOC1侧翼的大序列和显然非编码序列观察到该基因处于强纯化选择下。发现稻是最近的多倍体化产物，分别小于1.6和0.4 mya。在同种四倍体中，重复基因的伪成生是普遍的，其原因是大的缺失，小的构架插入/缺失或无义突变。几个比较序列分析其他基因组区域也将被讨论。

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