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首页> 外文会议>DBG Band 102 Heft 1 2003; Workshop Kommission VII zusammen mit der Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft der Schweiz und Workshop Kommission VIII 'Eigenschaften, Systematik und Problematik subhydrischer und semi-subhydrischer Boden' und Tagung der Deutschen Boden >Heavy metal balances in the Netherlands: from concept to practical use
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Heavy metal balances in the Netherlands: from concept to practical use

机译：荷兰的重金属天平：从概念到实际使用

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摘要

Balances of both nutrients and heavy metals for specific forms of agriculture (dairy farms, arable cropping farms etc.) are useful to gain insight in the long-term development of soil quality and thus sustainability of agriculture. In the Netherlands a balance concept for nutrients (N & P) has already gained a legal status: farmers are obliged to calculate in- and outputs using a MINerals Accounting System(MINAS). Integration of nutrient and financial accounting systems with accounts of heavy metals and organic pollutants would support an environmental management system (EMS) at the farm level (Moolenaar, 1999). The awareness of adverse effects (metal uptake by crops, leaching, ecotoxicity) resulting from metal accumulation in arable soils has increased. However, appropriate tools are needed that enable users to calculate both accumulation rates and effects related to these accumulation rates in order to design and evaluate appropriate measures. Here we present an example of such a tool which was constructed (and is still being improved) to calculate long-term effects (related to heavy metals) of current forms of agriculture in the Netherlands. The aim was to construct a dynamic heavy metal balance on the field scale that includes all relevant in- and outputs of heavy metals and is capable of predicting changes in the soil heavy metal content as well as the soil solution concentrations.
机译：特定农业形式（奶牛场，可耕种农场等）中养分和重金属的平衡，对于了解土壤质量的长期发展以及农业的可持续性很有用。在荷兰，营养素的平衡概念（N＆P）已获得法律地位：农民必须使用MINerals会计系统（MINAS）来计算收入和产出。将营养和财务核算系统与重金属和有机污染物核算相结合，将支持农场一级的环境管理系统（Moolenaar，1999）。人们越来越认识到由于金属在可耕土壤中积累而产生的不利影响（农作物吸收金属，淋溶，生态毒性）。但是，需要适当的工具，使用户能够计算累积率和与这些累积率相关的影响，以便设计和评估适当的度量。在这里，我们提供了这样一个工具的示例，该工具已构建（并且仍在改进中）以计算荷兰当前农业形式的长期影响（与重金属有关）。目的是在田间规模上建立一个动态的重金属天平，该天平包括所有相关的重金属输入和输出，并能够预测土壤中重金属含量和土壤溶液浓度的变化。

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