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首页> 外文会议>Deep Foundations Institute 28th Annual Conference on Deep Foundations: Deep Foundations in Compressible Soil and Soft Rock >THE MICROPILE NETWORK: PRACTICE PRECEDES THEORY
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THE MICROPILE NETWORK: PRACTICE PRECEDES THEORY

机译：微型网络：实践先于理论

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Micropiles have seen increasing use for foundation support and slope stabilization applications over the past half century. Most often designed and installed in groups of vertical or battered elements or combinations thereof, continued applied research conducted through partnerships established between academia, government and industry has led to the recent development of practical engineering and design guidelines for such micropile systems. In contrast to a group of directly loaded micropiles, the micropile network relies on a three-dimensional array of reticulated elements to encompass and internally reinforce the soil, resulting in a network or "knot" effect. The potential for enhanced engineering behaviour of reticulated micropile network systems compared to that of a group of micropiles has been continually revealed by numerous researchers in the past. The concept is elementary - the roots of a tree interact with the soil to form a composite foundation capable of performance superior to that of the individual parts. However, given the large number of parameters which must be modelled and studied, experimental assessment and rational analysis of the soil-structure system has been difficult and therefore, in contrast to above, reliable design methods have not yet been forthcoming. In a field where practice has always preceded theory, noteworthy international studies, ground breaking experiments and benchmark test programs have been initiated in recent years that have served to validate long-standing assumptions regarding the behaviour of the micropile network. This body of work, having its original roots in Italy, has flourished in recent years in other European countries, including Germany and France as well as Japan and the United States. The rationale for this push for applied research is found in the basic need that exists for the continued development, advancement and deployment of micropile systems in industry in order to provide cost-effective engineering solutions for a variety of foundation and slope reinforcement projects. In an increasingly urbanized environment, the micropile foundation is now often considered equally with other foundation systems of choice, where this was once the exception to the rule. The need to rationally design and engineer these foundation systems has always existed, and always will. One might be inclined to think that the continued demonstration, testing and experimentation in advance or in lieu of proven theory and design might not yield timely results. However, similar to so many other areas of geotechnical research, most modern academic studies conducted today continue to stem from basic theories developed in response to what is first demonstrated in the field. These same theories that are now understood and accepted have their roots in the important lessons learned from past empirical experience. This is particularly true in the international micropile community, where applied research continues to be conducted into micropile foundation systems by a consortium composed not only of academics and university researchers, but also of the industry practitioners and users who, with a focus on basic theoretical and practical principles, have led the way in advancement and promotion of the technology.
机译：在过去的半个世纪中，微型桩已经越来越多地用于基础支撑和边坡稳定应用。通过在学术界，政府和工业界之间建立的合作伙伴关系进行的持续应用研究，最经常以垂直或受冲击的元素或它们的组合的形式进行设计和安装，从而导致最近开发了针对此类微桩系统的实用工程和设计指南。与一组直接加载的微型桩相反，微型桩网络依赖于网状元素的三维阵列来包围并内部加固土壤，从而导致网络效应或“打结”效应。过去，与众多微型桩相比，网状微型桩网络系统具有增强工程行为的潜力。这个概念很基本-树木的根与土壤相互作用，形成了性能优于各个部分的复合基础。但是，由于必须建模和研究大量参数，因此很难对土壤-结构系统进行实验评估和合理分析，因此，与上述相反，尚未提出可靠的设计方法。在实践始终是理论先行的领域，近年来已开展了引人注目的国际研究，突破性实验和基准测试程序，这些程序已用于验证有关微型桩网络行为的长期假设。这项工作起源于意大利，近年来在包括德国和法国以及日本和美国在内的其他欧洲国家蓬勃发展。推动这种应用研究的理由是，在工业中不断开发，改进和部署微桩系统的基本需求中，可以为各种基础和边坡加固项目提供经济高效的工程解决方案。在日益城市化的环境中，微型桩基础现在经常与其他选择的基础系统同等考虑，而这曾经是规则的例外。合理地设计和工程化这些基础系统的需求一直存在，并将永远存在。人们可能会倾向于认为，提前进行连续的演示，测试和实验或代替经过验证的理论和设计可能无法及时得出结果。然而，与岩土工程研究的许多其他领域类似，当今进行的大多数现代学术研究仍源于为响应该领域首次展示而开发的基础理论。现在已被理解和接受的这些相同理论都源于从过去的经验经验中学到的重要教训。在国际微型桩社区中尤其如此，在那里，不仅由学者和大学研究人员，而且还包括侧重于基本理论和实践的行业从业者和用户组成的联盟继续对微型桩基础系统进行应用研究。实用的原则，引领了技术的发展和推广。

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