Heated risers offer advantages in mitigation of wax and hydrate formation problemsrnwhen compared to more traditional methods. The paper presents a heated riserrnconcept using a reeled pipe in pipe (PIP) structure combined with low resistancernheating cables. The concept provides a reliable and effective solution. Installation ofrnthe riser is by reeling method allowing fabrication and testing of the riser to bernperformed onshore. The paper is written around a case study, but the concept is notrnlimited to the particular dimensions of this case study. First the basic design of thernPIP structure is presented after which the thermal insulation performance of the riserrnand the connected flowline are presented. This partly determines the powerrnrequirements of the heating system. The paper then presents the conceptual designrnof the heating system and possible levels of power output. Onshore fabrication andrnOffshore installation are extensively addressed as well.
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