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Comparison of flash and accumulation mode in range-gated active imaging

机译：距离选通主动成像中闪光和累积模式的比较

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Range-gated active imaging has significantly been improved in the recent past. Due to the availability of high power laser diodes around 800-860 run, it is now possible to find off-the-shelf systems working with very sensitive light intensifier and laser diodes. On the other hand, eye-safe systems working around 1.5 urn suffer from a lack of intensified sensor in the SWIR band. The only existing intensified sensors require the use of high power pulsed laser sources for the illumination. Consequently, the type of source (diode or solid-state laser) gives fundamental differences between the two types of system. The first technique which uses laser diodes, uchip or fiber lasers, is called "accumulation" imaging. These sources are characterized by a low-pulse power and high repetition rate, mostly around a few tens of kHz. Here, each image is the result of the accumulation of hundred of pulses during the frame time. The second technique which uses a solid-state laser illumination is called "flash" imaging. Here, each image is the result of a unique high power illumination of the scene at low repetition rate, mostly around the video rate. In this paper, we investigate the theoretical and practical differences between these two imaging modes and its influence on image quality, on sensitivity to day light or stray light, on fog penetration capacity, on its sensitivity to turbulences and on laser safety (NOHD). For comparative experimental purposes, we've built a range-gated active imaging system which allows the investigation of both methods. We've carried out precise comparative studies between the two acquisition methods.
机译：最近，范围门控主动成像技术得到了显着改善。由于大约有800-860运行的高功率激光二极管，现在可以找到使用非常灵敏的光增强器和激光二极管的现成系统。另一方面，工作在1.5微米左右的人眼安全系统在SWIR波段缺少增强的传感器。仅有的现有增强型传感器需要使用大功率脉冲激光源进行照明。因此，光源的类型（二极管或固态激光器）在两种类型的系统之间产生了根本的区别。使用激光二极管，uchip或光纤激光器的第一种技术称为“累积”成像。这些信号源的特点是低脉冲功率和高重复率，大多数情况下约为几十kHz。在此，每个图像都是帧时间内数百个脉冲累积的结果。使用固态激光照明的第二种技术称为“闪光”成像。在这里，每个图像都是场景在低重复率（主要在视频速率附近）下独特的高功率照明的结果。在本文中，我们研究了这两种成像模式之间的理论和实践差异，以及它们对图像质量，对日光或杂散光的敏感性，对雾的渗透能力，对湍流的敏感性以及对激光安全性（NOHD）的影响。为了进行比较实验，我们建立了一个距离选通的主动成像系统，可以研究这两种方法。我们已经对两种获取方法进行了精确的比较研究。

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