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首页> 外文会议>Eleventh International Dryland Development Conference: Global Climate Change and its Impact on Food amp; Energy Security in the Drylands >The role of on-farm management on sustainable irrigated agriculture in arid and semiarid region-A case study in Karkheh River Basin-Iran
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The role of on-farm management on sustainable irrigated agriculture in arid and semiarid region-A case study in Karkheh River Basin-Iran

机译：干旱和半干旱地区农田管理在可持续灌溉农业中的作用-以卡尔赫河河流域-伊朗为例

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The Karkheh River basin(KRB)is an important agricultural zone,located in southwest Iran.In the lower KRB,some irrigation water is lost during conveyance and field application,resulting in low irrigation efficiency and the risk of land and water resource degradation.Water productivity(WP)for wheat and barley is less than 0.5 kg/m3 and for maize is about 0.4 kg/m3 – lower than the country averages of 0.8 kg/m3.A study was conducted in lower KRB,in Sorkheh district of Evan Plain,in 2005 to 2007,to identify causes of low WP and to introduce measures for its improvement.The study area has a semi-arid climate with average rainfall of about 350 mm.Seven irrigation units,each consisting of several farms with similar sources of irrigation water,were identified as follows: two units using only wells,three units receiving water from irrigation network canals where water delivery is on a variable rotational basis and depends on the operation of the pumping station feeding the network from the river,one unit pumping water directly from the river,and one unit using both network and well water.In each unit,three farms were selected with regard to variables such as distance to water source,method of water supply,crop cultivar,management of irrigation,and farming practices.WP of each farm was determined.Farms irrigated by water from the network consumed more water but had lower grain yields.Wheat yield and water use efficiency were higher in fields following corn than fallow.The inflow of the most efficient unit was 3.5-4 l/s/m.The most sensitive stage to drought stress was from heading until grain ripening; therefore,three or four irrigations(each 50 mm)are recommended during early spring.Assuming a fixed yield resulting from the application of proper irrigation practices and/or utilization of irrigation systems with higher application efficiency,the irrigation water efficiency can be enhanced by about 30％.
机译：喀尔River河流域（KRB）是重要的农业区，位于伊朗西南部。在KRB下游，在运输和田间施用过程中损失了一些灌溉水，导致灌溉效率低下和土地和水资源退化的风险。小麦和大麦的生产力（WP）小于0.5 kg / m3，玉米的生产力（WP）约为0.4 kg / m3 –低于该国的平均水平0.8 kg / m3。在埃文平原索尔赫地区的KRB下游进行了一项研究在2005年至2007年间，为确定低WP的原因并提出改善措施。研究区域为半干旱气候，平均降雨量约为350 mm。七个灌溉单元，每个灌溉单元由数个来源相似的农场组成。灌溉水的标识如下：两个仅使用井的单元，三个单元从灌溉网渠接收水，水的输送是可变的旋转，并且取决于泵站从河网供水的运行r，一个单元直接从河中抽水，一个单元同时使用网络和井水。在每个单元中，根据与水源的距离，供水方法，作物品种，管理方式等变量选择了三个农场。确定每个农场的工作量。通过网络灌溉的农场消耗的水更多，但谷物产量较低。玉米种植后的田地的小麦产量和水分利用效率高于休耕方式。单位为3.5-4 l / s / m。对干旱胁迫最敏感的阶段是从抽穗到成熟。因此，建议在早春进行三到四次灌溉（每条50毫米）。如果采用适当的灌溉习惯和/或利用灌溉系统提高灌溉效率可达到固定产量，则灌溉水效率可提高约5％。 30％。

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