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Strengthening the Early-Warning Function of the Surveillance System: The Macedonian Experience

机译：加强监视系统的预警功能：马其顿经验

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Epidemics and pandemics can place sudden and intense demands on health systems. The world requires a global system that can identify and contain public health emergencies rapidly and reduce panic and disruption of trade, travel, and society in general. Strengthening public health preparedness requires establishing an integrated global alert and response system for epidemics and other public health emergencies along the lines of the World Health Organization's International Health Regulations. The revised International Health Regulations provide a global framework to address these needs through a collective approach to the prevention, detection, and timely response to any public health emergency of international concern. A standardized approach for readiness and response to major epidemic-prone diseases should be developed. An early-warning and rapid-alert system is one of the possibilities to improve readiness at the local, regional, national, and international level to limit the spread of disease and to reduce health, economic, and social damage. The Republic of Macedonia, with World Health Organization support, has implemented an early-warning system (ALERT) for priority communicable diseases to complement the routine surveillance system that reports individual confirmed cases. ALERT relies on reporting of eight syndromes by primary care facilities. Data are analyzed weekly at the regional level and transmitted to national epidemiologists. It is perceived to be a simple and flexible tool for detecting and triggering timely investigation and control of outbreaks. ALERT was identified as a useful instrument for forecasting and detecting the start of the influenza season.
机译：流行病和大流行病可能会对卫生系统提出突然而强烈的要求。世界需要一个能够快速识别和遏制突发公共卫生事件并减少恐慌和贸易，旅行以及整个社会中断的全球系统。加强公共卫生准备工作需要按照世界卫生组织的《国际卫生条例》建立针对流行病和其他公共卫生紧急情况的综合全球警报和应对系统。修订后的《国际卫生条例》提供了一个全球框架，可通过采取集体方法预防，发现和及时应对国际关注的任何公共卫生突发事件来满足这些需求。应制定一种针对主要流行病的准备和响应的标准化方法。预警和快速警报系统是在地方，区域，国家和国际各级改善战备状态的一种可能性，以限制疾病的传播并减少健康，经济和社会损害。马其顿共和国在世界卫生组织的支持下，已对重点传染病实施了预警系统（ALERT），以补充报告个别确诊病例的常规监测系统。 ALERT依靠初级保健机构报告八种综合症。每周都会在区域一级对数据进行分析，并传输给国家流行病学家。它被认为是一种简单而灵活的工具，用于检测和触发对疾病爆发的及时调查和控制。 ALERT被认为是预测和检测流感季节开始的有用工具。

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