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Adaptive spatial filtering for daytime satellite quantum key distribution

机译:白天卫星量子密钥分配的自适应空间滤波

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The rate of secure key generation (SKG) in quantum key distribution (QKD) is adversely affected by optical noise and loss in the quantum channel. In a free-space atmospheric channel, the scattering of sunlight into the channel can lead to quantum bit error ratios (QBERs) sufficiently large to preclude SKG. Furthermore, atmospheric turbulence limits the degree to which spatial filtering can reduce sky noise without introducing signal losses. A system simulation quantifies the potential benefit of tracking and higher-order adaptive optics (AO) technologies to SKG rates in a daytime satellite engagement scenario. The simulations are performed assuming propagation from a low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite to a terrestrial receiver that includes an AO system comprised of a Shack-Hartmann wave-front sensor (SHWFS) and a continuous-face-sheet deformable mirror (DM). The effects of atmospheric turbulence, tracking, and higher-order AO on the photon capture efficiency are simulated using statistical representations of turbulence and a time-domain wave-optics hardware emulator. Secure key generation rates are then calculated for the decoy state QKD protocol as a function of the receiver field of view (FOV) for various pointing angles. The results show that at FOVs smaller than previously considered, AO technologies can enhance SKG rates in daylight and even enable SKG where it would otherwise be prohibited as a consequence of either background optical noise or signal loss due to turbulence effects.
机译:量子密钥分发(QKD)中的安全密钥生成(SKG)的速率受到量子通道中光学噪声和损耗的不利影响。在自由空间的大气通道中,阳光向通道中的散射会导致量子误码率(QBER)足够大,以致无法排除SKG。此外,大气湍流限制了空间滤波在不引入信号损失的情况下减少天空噪声的程度。系统仿真量化了白天卫星参与情况下跟踪和高阶自适应光学(AO)技术对SKG速率的潜在好处。假设从低地球轨道(LEO)卫星传播到包括AO系统的地面接收器进行了仿真,该AO系统由Shack-Hartmann波前传感器(SHWFS)和连续面板可变形镜(DM)组成。使用湍流的统计表示和时域波光学硬件仿真器模拟了大气湍流,跟踪和高阶AO对光子捕获效率的影响。然后根据各种指向角度,根据接收者视场(FOV)计算诱饵状态QKD协议的安全密钥生成速率。结果表明,在FOV小于以前考虑的情况下,AO技术可以提高日光下的SKG速率,甚至可以启用SKG,否则由于背景光噪声或由于湍流效应造成的信号损失,SKG会被禁止。

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