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Hydrogen Production Using theAdvanced High-Temperature Reactor

机译:使用先进的高温反应器生产氢气

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摘要

The demand for hydrogen (H2) is growing rapidly because of increasedrnuse of H2 to convert heavy crude oils into clean transport fuels. If low-cost H2rnwere available, the energy content of liquid fuels could be increased by up torn15% per barrel of oil by the addition of more H2 to those fuels—which representsrna massive new market. Ultimately, H2 may be directly used as a transport fuel.rnThe size of the H2 market and the scale of single H2 production facilities are nowrnsufficiently large to justify the development and potential deployment of nuclearrnreactors for H2 production under either the business-as-usual or the H2-economyrnfutures.rnNuclear energy can be used to produce H2 by multiple methods: nuclearheat-rnassisted steam reforming of natural gas, high-temperature electrolysis, andrnhigh-temperature thermochemical processes. The requirements for efficient H2rnproduction are demanding. Consequently, it may be necessary to develop nuclearrnreactors explicitly for H2 production. A new reactor concept is being developedrnfor this application: the Advanced High-Temperature Reactor (AHTR). With thernAHTR, the fuel and reactor coolant are chosen to match H2 productionrnrequirements. The fuel is a coated-particle fuel with a demonstrated operatingrntemperature limit of ~1200EC. Heat is transferred using molten salt coolants fromrnthe reactor core to an intermediate heat exchanger and then from the intermediaternheat exchanger to the H2 production plant.
机译:由于增加了将氢气用于将重质原油转化为清洁运输燃料的用途,对氢气(H2)的需求正在迅速增长。如果能够获得低成本的H2rn,则通过向这些燃料中添加更多的H2,可以将每桶石油中的液体燃料的能源含量提高多达15%,这代表了一个庞大的新市场。最终,氢气可以直接用作运输燃料。氢气市场的规模和单个氢气生产设施的规模现在已经足够大,足以证明开发和潜在部署核反应堆以照常营业或以常规方式进行氢气生产是合理的氢能可以通过多种方法来生产氢:核热辅助的天然气蒸汽重整,高温电解和高温热化学过程。高效生产氢气的要求很高。因此,可能有必要明确开发用于生产氢气的核反应器。正在为此应用开发一种新的反应堆概念:先进的高温反应堆(AHTR)。使用AHTR时,可以选择燃料和反应堆冷却剂来满足H2生产要求。该燃料是一种涂层颗粒燃料,已证明其工作温度极限为〜1200EC。使用熔融盐冷却剂将热量从反应堆堆芯转移到中间热交换器,然后从中间热交换器转移到H2生产工厂。

著录项

  • 来源
  • 会议地点 Washington DC(US)
  • 作者

    Charles W. Forsberg;

  • 作者单位

    Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008rnOak Ridge, TN 37831-6179rnTel: (865) 574-6783rnFax: (865) 574-9512rnE-mail: forsbergcw@ornl.gov;

  • 会议组织
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 氢能及其利用;
  • 关键词

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