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Panama metro bus system and metro line 1: An externalities analysis of CO2 emissions spectre

机译:巴拿马地铁系统和地铁1号线:二氧化碳排放量幽灵的外部性分析

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In recent years there is has been a need to reduce traffic congestion with the objective of contributing to the reduction of CO emissions or air pollution. This argument could be seen as a new tariif or tax to make society more aware and contribute to the care of the environment. Externalities are those effects of the production or consumption of some agents in order to producing or consuming others, for which no payment is made. In this sense, this paper presents some estimation of the socio-environmental externalities of the Metro Bus system and Panama Metro Line 1 for the years 2007, 2010 and 2015. These externalities correspond to variables such as: reducing of CO emissions and decreasing in the occupation of urban roads, among others. In others words, this paper presents an American Public Transportation Association (APTA) standards practical development about the C02 emissions estimation in Panama City.
机译:近年来,需要减少交通拥堵,以有助于减少CO排放或空气污染为目标。该论点可以被视为一种新的关税或征税措施,目的是使社会更加了解并为环境保护做出贡献。外部性是某些代理人生产或消费以产生或消费其他代理人的那些影响,对此不付款。从这个意义上讲,本文对2007年,2010年和2015年的地铁系统和巴拿马地铁1号线的社会环境外部性进行了一些估算。这些外部性对应于以下变量:CO排放量的减少和二氧化碳排放量的减少。占用城市道路等。换句话说,本文介绍了美国公共交通协会(APTA)标准,有关巴拿马城的CO2排放估算。

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