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首页> 外文会议>Evironmental contamination and remediation practices at former and present military bases >HOW TO MAP HYDROCARBON CONTAMINATION OF GROUNDWATER WITHOUT ANALYSING FOR ORGANICS
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HOW TO MAP HYDROCARBON CONTAMINATION OF GROUNDWATER WITHOUT ANALYSING FOR ORGANICS

机译：如何在不分析有机物的情况下映射地下水中的碳污染

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The Geological Surveys of Latvia and Norway and the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment have undertaken a risk-based investigation and assessment of a former Soviet military oil depot at Viestura Prospekts, Riga, using the firms Dames & Moore (U.K.) and Geo-Konsultants as subcontractors.rnThe site lies on homogeneous fine-medium grained Baltic Ice Lake sands containing a shallow unconfined water table. Georadar, calibrated against monitoring boreholes, has been used to map the north-westward gradient of the water table.rn16 monitoring boreholes have been employed to assess groundwater contamination. Free phase oil has been proven in boreholes near fuel storage bunkers and at the oil-transfer railhead.rnVertical electric sounding profiling (VES), a geophysical technique measuring the apparent resistivity of the sediments, has been employed at the site. VES showed two plumes of low resistivity leading away from the bunker area and the railhead in a NW direction. These may represent plumes of groundwater with high ionic content.rnOil degradation releases CO_2, which enhances weathering of carbonate and silicate mineral phases in the aquifer, releasing alkalinity and several cations and elevating the water's electrical conductivity (EC), explaining the VES map. Additionally, degradation consumes O_2 and other electron acceptors, promoting reducing conditions and releasing dissolved iron. Thus, a combination of high Fe, alkalinity, ion content, EC and low oxygen, sulphate and nitrate, may be used as low-cost inorganic indicators of hydrocarbon contamination.
机译：拉脱维亚和挪威的地质调查局以及挪威国防研究机构使用Dames＆Moore（UK）公司和Geo-Konsultants公司作为分包商，对里加Viestura Prospekts的一家前苏联军事油库进行了基于风险的调查和评估。 .rn该场地位于均质的中粒波罗的海冰湖沙滩上，沙滩上有浅浅的无限制地下水位。根据监测孔校准的Georadar已用于绘制地下水位的西北梯度图.rn16监测孔已用于评估地下水污染。已在燃料储存库附近的钻孔中和输油轨头处证明了游离相油。在现场采用了垂直电测深法（VES），这是一种测量沉积物视在电阻率的地球物理技术。 VES显示出两个低电阻率的羽状流，它们沿NW方向从掩体区和轨头处引出。这些可能代表了离子含量高的地下水羽。石油降解会释放CO_2，这会增加含水层中碳酸盐和硅酸盐矿物相的风化作用，释放碱度和一些阳离子，并提高水的电导率（EC），解释了VES图。此外，降解会消耗O_2和其他电子受体，从而促进还原条件并释放溶解的铁。因此，高铁，碱度，离子含量，EC和低氧，硫酸盐和硝酸盐的组合可用作烃污染的低成本无机指示剂。

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