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Simulation of transport of toic pollutants in surface waters

机译：模拟地表水中有毒污染物的迁移

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摘要

A model is presented for simulating the transport of toxic pollutants in rivers, estuaries and seas. Such transport strongly depends on the presence of suspended sediment, which is known to be an important carrier of sorbed chemicals. Hence, the movement of these contaminants can only be predicted if the movements of sediments is well understood, which also necessitates a detailed understanding of the hydrodynamic processes. Consequently, the developed model consists of different submodels for simulation of water movement, salt transport, suspended sediment transport, and transport, and transport of sorbing toxic pollutants. The model is applied to the river Scheldt (Belgium), the Scheldt estuary (The Netherlands), and the sea along the Belgian coast. Simulation results are presented for several heavy metals and organic micropollutants, as PCB, proving the importance of particulate matter. In particular, it is shown that sorbing chemicals tend to accumulate in the estuarine sediments, while only small amounts are reaching the sea. In addition, it is found that the mobility of heavy metals is strongly influenced by salinity, and that the mobility of organic pollutants depends upon complexation with dissolved organic matter.
机译：提出了一个模型，用于模拟有毒污染物在河流，河口和海洋中的运输。这种运输在很大程度上取决于悬浮沉积物的存在，而悬浮沉积物是吸附化学物质的重要载体。因此，只有充分理解了沉积物的运动，才能预测这些污染物的运动，这也需要对流体动力学过程有详细的了解。因此，开发的模型由不同的子模型组成，用于模拟水的运移，盐分迁移，悬浮泥沙迁移，迁移以及吸附有毒污染物的迁移。该模型适用于Scheldt河（比利时），Scheldt河口（荷兰）和比利时沿岸海域。给出了几种重金属和有机微污染物（如PCB）的仿真结果，证明了颗粒物的重要性。特别是，表明吸附化学物质倾向于在河口沉积物中积聚，而只有少量到达海洋。另外，发现重金属的迁移率受盐度的强烈影响，并且有机污染物的迁移率取决于与溶解的有机物的络合。

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