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Multi-Kanban Mechanism for Personal Computer Disassembly

机译：个人计算机拆卸的多看板机制

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The use of personal computers (PCs) continues to increase every year. According to a 1999 figure, 50 percent of all US households owned PCs, a figure that continues to rise every year. With continuous development of sophisticated software, PCs are becoming increasingly powerful. In addition, the price of a PC continues to steadily decline. Furthermore, the typical life of a PC in the workplace is approximately two to three years while in the home it is three to five years. As these PCs become obsolete, they are replaced and the old PCs are disposed of. It is estimated that between 14 and 20 million PCs are retired annually in the US. While 20 to 30% of the units may be resold, the others are discarded. These discards represent a significant potential source of lead for the waste stream. In some communities, waste cathode ray tubes (CRTs) represent the second largest source of lead in the waste stream after vehicular lead acid batteries. PCs are, therefore, not suitable for dumping in landfills. Besides, several components of a PC can be reused and then there are other valuable materials that can also be harvested. And with the advent of product stewardship, product recovery is the best solution for manufacturers. Disassembly line is perhaps the most suitable set up for disassembling PCs. However, planning and scheduling of disassembly on a disassembly line is complicated. In this paper, we discuss some of the complications including product arrival, demand arrival, inventory fluctuation and production control mechanisms. We then show how to overcome them by implementing a multi-kanbah mechanism in the PC disassembly line setting. The multi-kanban mechanism relies on dynamic routing of kanbans according to the state of the system. We investigate the multi-kanban mechanism using simulation and demonstrate that this mechanism is superior to the traditional push system in terms of controlling the system's inventory while maintaining a decent customer service level.
机译：每年，个人计算机（PC）的使用持续增长。根据1999年的数据，美国所有家庭中有50％拥有PC，这一数字每年都在继续增长。随着复杂软件的不断开发，PC变得越来越强大。另外，PC的价格持续稳定下降。此外，个人计算机在工作场所的典型寿命约为两到三年，而在家庭中则为三到五年。随着这些PC的淘汰，它们将被替换，旧的PC也将被丢弃。据估计，美国每年有14至2000万台PC退休。虽然可以转售20％至30％的设备，但其他设备则被丢弃。这些丢弃物代表了废物流中潜在的重要铅源。在某些社区，废阴极射线管（CRT）代表了仅次于车用铅酸电池的废物流中第二大铅源。因此，PC不适合用于垃圾掩埋场。此外，PC的几个组件可以重复使用，然后还有其他有价值的材料也可以被收获。随着产品管理的到来，产品回收是制造商的最佳解决方案。拆卸线可能是最适合拆卸PC的装置。但是，拆卸线上的拆卸计划和调度很复杂。在本文中，我们讨论了一些复杂性，包括产品到货，需求到货，库存波动和生产控制机制。然后，我们展示如何通过在PC拆卸线设置中实施多Kanbah机制来克服它们。多看板机制依赖于根据系统状态的动态看板路由。我们使用仿真研究了多看板机制，并证明了该机制在控制系统库存的同时保持良好的客户服务水平方面优于传统的推送系统。

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