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Sediment source tracing in the Thina catchment, Eastern Cape, South Africa

机译：南非东开普省Thina流域的泥沙源追踪

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The Mount Fletcher Dam on the Thina River, South Africa, was completed in 2008; 33% of its storage capacity has since been lost to sediment deposition. Highly erodible soils developed from mudstones and shales that dominate the lower catchment lithology are a likely source of sediment. Soils developed from basalt located higher in the catchment are less erodible, but steep slopes increase the erosion potential. As these two soil types have distinctive magnetic signatures, the reservoir sediment should provide a record of its main source area. Magnetic signatures from a sediment core revealed a cyclical pattern of sedimentation, with alternating high and low values that may be linked to the passage of floods. These magnetic signatures do not match those of mudstone/shale-derived soils, and point to a significant but variable input of basaltic sediment. A number of hypotheses are proposed to explain this anomaly. Implications for catchment restoration are discussed.
机译：南非的蒂娜河上的弗莱彻山水坝于2008年竣工；此后，其33％的存储能力因沉积物沉积而丧失。由低层流域岩性主导的泥岩和页岩形成的高度易蚀土壤可能是沉积物的来源。由位于流域较高处的玄武岩发育的土壤较难侵蚀，但陡坡增加了侵蚀的可能性。由于这两种土壤类型具有独特的磁特征，因此储层沉积物应提供其主要源区的记录。沉积物核心的磁迹显示出沉积的周期性模式，高低值交替出现，可能与洪水的通过有关。这些磁特征与泥岩/页岩衍生的土壤的磁特征不匹配，并指向大量但可变的玄武质沉积物输入。提出了许多假设来解释这种异常。讨论了对流域恢复的影响。

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