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首页> 外文会议>Eurocorr 2004 >Predicting The Long-Term Localized Corrosion of Alloys in ComplexIndustrial Environments
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Predicting The Long-Term Localized Corrosion of Alloys in ComplexIndustrial Environments

机译：预测复杂工业环境中合金的长期局部腐蚀

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Localized corrosion is an important limiting factor in the performance of equipmentused in the process industry. However, predicting the occurrence of localized corrosion inchemical process streams has been largely based on empirical approaches. Coupon tests insimulated laboratory environments along with prior experience in related processes providean important approach to specifying an alloy for a new process. Pilot plant studies of newprocesses can also provide insights into materials selection. However, a reduced timeframefor implementing process changes or bringing new products to market often precludesdetailed experimental studies. Therefore, predicting the performance of materials in processenvironments without process-specific corrosion tests can lead to significant cost savings tothe industry. Furthermore, narrowing the list of alloys for testing through 'computerexperiments' enables in-depth laboratory studies of the effects of process parameters oncorrosion. Predicting localized corrosion based only on the knowledge of process parametershas been considered an impossible task until recently. However, advances in theunderstanding of parameters governing localized corrosion and the ability to calculate theseparameters on the basis of thermophysical and electrochemical principles can open newpossibilities for assessing the performance of an alloy once the process parameters areknown. A general model for predicting the localized corrosion of alloys in multicomponentelectrolyte solutions is described. The model assumes that the status of localized corrosion isdetermined by competitive processes at the metal/salt film/ solution interfaces leading toeither metal salt or oxide formation. The model successfully predicts the observed effects ofaggressive species, such as chloride and bromide, inhibiting species, such as nitrate andsulfate, and non-aggressive species, such as acetate, and temperature for a number of Fe-Ni-Cr-Mo alloys. The paper will also present the results of a plant validation study. The effect offabrication processes on localized corrosion of these alloys is also explored.
机译：局部腐蚀是加工业中设备性能的重要限制因素。但是，预测化学工艺流中局部腐蚀的发生主要是基于经验方法。优惠券测试模拟的实验室环境以及相关过程的先前经验为指定用于新工艺的合金提供了一种重要的方法。新工艺的中试工厂研究还可以提供有关材料选择的见解。但是，减少执行过程更改或将新产品推向市场的时间通常排除了详细的实验研究。因此，在没有特定过程腐蚀测试的情况下预测过程环境中材料的性能可以为行业节省大量成本。此外，通过“计算机实验”来缩小测试合金的范围，可以对工艺参数对腐蚀的影响进行深入的实验室研究。直到最近，仅基于过程参数的知识来预测局部腐蚀被认为是不可能的。但是，一旦了解了工艺参数，对控制局部腐蚀的参数的理解以及基于热物理和电化学原理计算这些参数的能力的进步就可以为评估合金性能开辟新的可能性。描述了一种预测多组分电解质溶液中合金局部腐蚀的通用模型。该模型假定局部腐蚀的状态由金属/盐膜/溶液界面处的竞争过程决定，导致金属盐或氧化物的形成。该模型成功地预测了许多铁镍镍铬钼合金的侵蚀性物质（如氯化物和溴化物），抑制性物质（如硝酸盐和硫酸盐）和非侵蚀性物质（如乙酸盐）和温度的影响。该论文还将介绍植物验证研究的结果。还研究了制造工艺对这些合金局部腐蚀的影响。

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