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Optimization of the MARS-XRD collimator using converging blades Optimization of the MARS-XRD collimator using converging blades

机译：使用会聚叶片优化MARS-XRD准直器 r n t r n r n使用会聚叶片优化MARS-XRD准直器

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Mars-XRD is an X-ray diffractometer developed for the in situ mineralogical analysis of the Martian soil. The main components of the Mars-XRD experiment are: a Fe55 radioactive source, a collimator and a CCD-based detector system. For spectroscopic requirements and quality of the machined micrograin of the sample, the beam section should not be larger then 1 × 10 mm2 at sample distance. The current collimator baseline is based on a two-windows system that uses about 20% of the total source emitting surface. To improve the X-ray flux, we are studying a collimator with converging blades which permits to use the entire source emission and tune the beam section. In order to better estimate the efficiency of this collimator and because of the high number of variables, a C++ program has been written that look for the best blades configuration among billion of combinations. In addition to the collimator configuration, this software simulator gives the sample photons distribution for different angles of the tilt of the source and for each couple of blades. The optimized collimator transmits a flux 30% higher than a system with blades with the same angular aperture and 5 times higher than a two windows collimator. Moreover the target photon distribution is a triangle function well focused on the sample surface instead of an irregular function obtained with the previous system. Higher performances arise with the source perpendicular to the source-sample direction. Thanks to this optimization we expect to strongly improve the resolution of the diffraction pattern which is the main goal of the current activities of the instrument development. This software simulator could be used also for the optimization of collimator system for the other wavelength and applications (e.g. radiotherapy).
机译：Mars-XRD是X射线衍射仪，用于对火星土壤进行原位矿物学分析。 Mars-XRD实验的主要组成部分是：Fe55放射源，准直仪和基于CCD的探测器系统。为了满足光谱要求和样品加工后的微颗粒的质量，在样品距离处，光束截面不应大于1×10 mm2。当前的准直仪基线基于两窗口系统，该系统使用了约20％的总源发射表面。为了改善X射线通量，我们正在研究带有会聚叶片的准直仪，该准直仪可以使用整个光源发射并调整光束截面。为了更好地估计该准直仪的效率，并且由于变量数量众多，编写了一个C ++程序，该程序在数十亿个组合中寻找最佳的刀片配置。除准直仪配置外，此软件模拟器还为光源的倾斜角度以及每对刀片提供了样品光子分布。经过优化的准直器传输的通量比具有相同角孔径叶片的系统高30％，比两个窗口的准直器高5倍。而且，目标光子分布是很好地聚焦在样品表面上的三角函数，而不是先前系统获得的不规则函数。垂直于源样本方向的源具有更高的性能。由于这一优化，我们希望能够大大提高衍射图谱的分辨率，这是仪器开发当前活动的主要目标。该软件模拟器还可用于优化准直仪系统的其他波长和应用（例如放射疗法）。

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