首页> 外文会议>Fifth International Conference on Ion Exchange Processes held on 5-9 July 1998 at Plas Coch College, The North East Wales Institute, Wrexham, UK >Trace metal analysis in water quality monitoring: separation of Zn(II) from Cu(II) Ni(II) and Cd(II) using impregnated resins
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Trace metal analysis in water quality monitoring: separation of Zn(II) from Cu(II) Ni(II) and Cd(II) using impregnated resins

机译:水质监测中的痕量金属分析:使用浸渍树脂将Zn(II)与Cu(II)Ni(II)和Cd(II)分离

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There has been a growing demand in analytical chemistry for highly sensitive methods for trace components in complex matrices. Recent advances in new reagents, chelating ligands and instrumentation have improved both detection and specificity (1-2). In the field of metal ion trace analysis ion exchange resins are well known as useful preconcentration and separation tools. However they have some drawbacks: slow adsorption and desorption rates, poor selectivity and requirement of concentrated solution of electrolytes for recovery. Impregnated Resins, which are easily prepared from inert supports and extractant solutions, are an excellent alternative to ion exchange resins. This approach combines many of the advantages of both liquid-liquid extraction and ionexchange separation. Thus, the use of impregnated resins for preconcentration and cleanup in metal ions analysis in complex matrices offers the following benefits: a) the active part of the resin, i.e. the metal complexing, can be selected depending on the nature of the metal ion, the sample matrix and the analytical procedure which is going to be applied; b) the impregnation procedures of the complexing molecules are very simple and c) their structure and composition can be designed to be compatible with integrated detection systems, when used in solid phase spectroscopic measurements. Two different approaches have been tried for the preparation of these supports: the direct adsorption of the reagent onto high surface area macroporous adsorbents to produce "Solvent Impregnated Resins" (SIR)(1-3) and a polymerisation process by mixing the extractant with a mixture of monomers (styrene and divinylbenzene) to produce Levextrel Resins (4-5). Whereas numerous extractants are vailable for SIR, the extractants available for Levextrel resins are, at present, limited to phosphoryl compounds: tributylphosphate, di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid, and di(2,4,4-trimethyl pentyl)phosphinic acid (6).
机译:在分析化学中,对用于复杂基质中痕量组分的高灵敏度方法的需求不断增长。新试剂,螯合配体和仪器的最新进展改善了检测和特异性(1-2)。在金属离子痕量分析领域,离子交换树脂是众所周知的有用的预浓缩和分离工具。然而,它们具有一些缺点:缓慢的吸附和解吸速率,较差的选择性以及需要用于回收的电解质浓溶液。浸渍树脂易于从惰性载体和萃取剂溶液中制备,是离子交换树脂的绝佳替代品。这种方法结合了液-液萃取和离子交换分离的许多优点。因此,将浸渍树脂用于复杂基质中金属离子分析的预浓缩和净化具有以下好处:a)可以根据金属离子的性质选择树脂的活性部分,即金属络合物,样品基质和将要应用的分析程序; b)络合分子的浸渍过程非常简单,并且c)当用于固相光谱测量时,可以将其结构和组成设计为与集成检测系统兼容。已经尝试了两种不同的方法来制备这些载体:将试剂直接吸附到高表面积的大孔吸附剂上以生产“溶剂浸渍树脂”(SIR)(1-3),以及通过将萃取剂与溶剂混合的聚合过程。单体(苯乙烯和二乙烯基苯)的混合物以生产Levextrel树脂(4-5)。尽管有许多萃取剂可用于SIR,但Levextrel树脂可用的萃取剂目前仅限于磷酰基化合物:磷酸三丁酯,二(2-乙基己基)磷酸和二(2,4,4-三甲基戊基)次膦酸( 6)。

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