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Induced Mutations Will Help Mold the Future of Food

机译：诱发突变将帮助塑造食品的未来

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摘要

The future of humankaind greatly depends on a sufficient and stable food supply. The most effective way of achieving this is to develop cultivars with superior agronomic characteristics, especially high yield. As described above, a marked increase in grain yield in rice and wheat will probably be difficult if we continue semidwarf crop breeding utilizing existing semidwarfing genes, viz.，sd1 and sd9 in rice, and Rht1 and Rht2 in wheat (Gale 1985). Thus, it is very important to exploit other useful genes related to yield and other agronomically important traits. In this report, we show that a great variety of mutations, including novel gene mutations, can be induced by mutagenic treatment. We propose that we should attempt to induce a great number of mutant genes as well as to identify useful genes from existing genetic resources, and that we should collect and stock these mutants at a research institute in charge. We have described the mPing transposon in detail in this report. As discussed here, transposable elements and other repetitive sequences are involved in gene and genome restructuring and in gene regulation (Tomita and Tanisaka 2010). For this reason, the use of transposable elements should be considered in future plant breeding efforts.
机译：人类的未来很大程度上取决于充足和稳定的粮食供应。实现这一目标的最有效方法是开发具有卓越农艺特性（尤其是高产）的品种。如上所述，如果我们继续利用现有的半矮化基因，即水稻中的sd1和sd9以及小麦的Rht1和Rht2，继续进行半矮化作物育种，则水稻和小麦的谷物单产的显着增加可能会很困难（Gale 1985）。因此，开发与产量和其他农学重要性状有关的其他有用基因非常重要。在本报告中，我们表明诱变处理可以诱导多种突变，包括新的基因突变。我们建议，我们应该尝试诱导大量的突变基因，并从现有的遗传资源中识别出有用的基因，并且我们应该在负责研究的机构中收集和储存这些突变体。我们已经在本报告中详细描述了mPing转座子。如本文所述，转座因子和其他重复序列参与基因和基因组的重组以及基因调控（Tomita和Tanisaka 2010）。因此，在未来的植物育种工作中应考虑使用转座因子。

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  • 来源
    《Gamma Field Symposia》|2011年|1-17|共17页
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  • 作者

    Takuji Tsukiyama; Hiroki Saito; Ken Naito; Masayoshi Teraishi; Yuki Monden; Takatoshi Tanisaka;

  • 作者单位

    Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502;

    Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502;

    Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502;

    Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502;

    Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502;

    Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502;

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