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Tunnelling in Weak Ground in Taiwan

机译：台湾弱地隧道

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摘要

The Essential factor to successful conduct tunneling in weak ground is to sustain the inherent strength of the surrounding rock after excavation. To achieve this goal, an effective support system must be installed timely so as to confine the convergence of the tunnel as much as possible. In this paper, a successful case history of tunneling in weak ground is presented. The Lan Tan Motorway Tunnels, with twin tubes and each with three lanes, each tube is about 1.2km long, 17m wide and 12.6m high and excavation area of 172m~2. To maintain face stability during tunnel excavation and minimum difficulties during tunneling, the ground water is predrained from the surface wells before excavation and meantime additional horizontal drainage pipes are installed from excavation face during tunnel excavation. The weak ground conditions are excavated using one or two side galleries method. To stabilize excavation face, further measure of using steel pipe roofing or steel bar forepoling is preinstalled over the crown and side wall of the tunnel. The primary supports are mainly used steel fiber reinforced shotcrete, rock bolts and lattice girders.
机译：在弱土中成功进行隧洞的关键因素是在开挖后保持围岩的固有强度。为了实现这一目标，必须及时安装有效的支撑系统，以尽可能地限制隧道的收敛。本文介绍了在弱地层中成功隧洞的成功案例。蓝潭高速公路隧道双管三车道，长约1.2km，宽17m，高12.6m，开挖面积172m〜2。为了保持隧道开挖过程中的工作面稳定性和最小的开挖难度，在开挖之前将地下水从地表井中预先排干，同时在隧道开挖过程中从开挖工作面安装额外的水平排水管。弱地面条件是使用一侧或两侧的方槽法开挖的。为了稳定开挖面，在隧道的顶部和侧壁上预先安装了使用钢管屋面或钢筋预埋的进一步措施。主要支撑主要是使用钢纤维增强喷射混凝土，锚杆和桁架梁。

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