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The effect of morphology on the overall physical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments

机译：形态对含水合物沉积物整体物理性质的影响

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摘要

Methane gas hydrates have attracted significant international interest due to their potential as a future energy resource, but also as a geotechnical hazard for offshore operations related to hydrocarbon recovery. In this context, the ability to detect and quantify the presence and concentration of hydrate in submarine sediments and understand the effects it has on host sediments has become increasingly important. Detection and quantification of gas hydrates has been inferred via exploratory seismic surveys, which measure indirectly the bulk dynamic properties of sizeable volumes of sediment in situ. Seismic data are then interpreted using an effective medium model, which employs theoretical assumptions to relate wave velocities to gas hydrate content of the sediment. Wave velocity can then be used to infer hydrate concentration levels. Methane gas hydrates occur in situ in a variety of sediments ranging from coarse-grained sands to fine-grained clays and silts, each hosting a variety of morphologies which occur as two basic types, pore-filling and grain-displacing. There are effective medium models for pore-filling morphologies while there is a lack of modeling techniques that consider grain-displacing morphologies and their effect on the physical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments. Thus the effect of hydrate morphology on submarine sediments is poorly understood. A numerical modeling approach, based on computational homogenization that has not been applied as yet for gas hydrate-bearing sediments is presented. The approach considers the multi-scale nature of the material from a geotechnical engineering perspective and has the ability to represent material geometry explicitly. The effect of hydrate on the overall seismic properties of the host sediment is portrayed through simulations of nodular and simple vein morphologies with differing hydrate contents. Results show that morphology has a significant effect on the overall material properties, with the effect being more pronounced on the overall compression wave velocity than on the overall shear wave velocity. The ratio of the two velocities (V_p/V_s) differs depending on the type of morphology and can provide insight into the underlying morphology by assisting in the differentiation between nodular and vein morphologies.
机译：甲烷水合物作为一种潜在的能源，也因其与油气回收有关的海上作业的岩土工程危害而备受国际关注。在这种情况下，检测和量化海底沉积物中水合物的存在和浓度以及了解其对宿主沉积物的影响的能力变得越来越重要。通过探索性地震勘测推断出了天然气水合物的检测和定量，该勘测间接测量了相当数量的原位沉积物的体积动态特性。然后使用有效的介质模型解释地震数据，该模型采用理论假设将波速与沉积物中的天然气水合物含量相关联。然后可以将波速用于推断水合物浓度水平。甲烷气体水合物原位存在于各种沉积物中，从粗粒砂到细粒粘土和粉砂，每种沉积物具有多种形态，以两种基本类型出现，即孔隙填充和颗粒置换。对于孔隙填充形态，存在有效的介质模型，而缺乏考虑颗粒位移形态及其对含天然气水合物沉积物物理性质的影响的建模技术，这是很不足的。因此，人们对水合物形态对海底沉积物的影响了解甚少。提出了一种基于计算均化的数值建模方法，该方法尚未应用于含天然气水合物的沉积物。该方法从岩土工程学的角度考虑了材料的多尺度性质，并具有明确表示材料几何形状的能力。通过模拟不同水合物含量的结节状和简单静脉形态来描述水合物对宿主沉积物整体地震特性的影响。结果表明，形态对整体材料性能具有显着影响，与整​​体剪切波速相比，整体压缩波速的影响更为明显。两种速度的比率（V_p / V_s）取决于形态类型，并且可以通过帮助区分结节形态和静脉形态来提供对基本形态的了解。

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