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首页> 外文会议>High-level International Forum on Water Resources and Hydropower(第一届国际水利水电高层论坛） >SCALE DIFFERENTIATION OF WATERSHED RUNOFF AND SEDIMENT DISCHARGE DUE TO CHANGES OF LANDUSE/VEGETATION COVER IN LOESS PLATEAU
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SCALE DIFFERENTIATION OF WATERSHED RUNOFF AND SEDIMENT DISCHARGE DUE TO CHANGES OF LANDUSE/VEGETATION COVER IN LOESS PLATEAU

机译：黄土高原土地利用/植被覆盖变化的流域径流和泥沙流量的尺度差异。

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Exploring dynamic characteristics of sediment discharge under different scales is not only the foundation of finding the variablity law of sediment discharge，but also is the front edge of soil erosion research nowadays.In this paper,the changes of runoff and sediment with the dynamic of land use and vegetation cover between the latter and the former period in four watersheds under three different area-scale levels were analyzed.Besides，scale differentiation laws of the effect of land use and vegetation changing on reduction of runoff and sediment were discussed.It was shown that watershed area and runoff modulus/sediment discharge modulus had a reasonable good exponential/linear relationship respectively.Moreover,with increasing of watershed area，runoff modulus and sediment modulus were increasing either.By eliminating the effect of precipitation， runoff modulus and sediment modulus was decreasing 20％-100％and 10％-100％respectively which was caused by increasing of vegetation coverage and optimizing of land use structures.And the reduction ratios of runoff modulus and sediment discharge modulus under different precipitation levels were quite different either.Besides，these four small scale watersheds also showed scale differentiations on reduction of runoff and sediment.In Qiaozidonggou or Qiaozixigou watershed which could be considered as a whole slope surface，the increasing of precipitation could weaken the effect of underlying surface conditions on runoff,especially in wet year with intensive rain events the reduction ration of runoff was only 10％.But in Luoyugou watershed which is much bigger than others，the effect of underlying surface conditions on runoff were more significant and relatively stable without controlled by changing of precipitation.The effect of changing underlying surface conditions on sediment discharge wasn’t equal to that on runoff.Soil erosion was much stronger in wet and dry year comparing with that in normal year. Because vegetation managements actually were very difficult to change the sediment discharge ability of channel in relatively large watersheds and the sources of sediment were plentiful in hill and gully loess area，sloping vegetation managements and water and soil conservation treatments in order to reduce sediment had a certain limitation on a relatively large watershed.Consequently,in order to reduce sediment in relatively large scale watersheds，the key issue is to reduce runoff.The effect of vegetation on reduction runoff and sediment didn’t have an infinite extension，which indicated that some certain effective vegetation coverage existed which was 45％-50％.Under this threshold，the effect on reduction runoff and sediment was dramatically increasing with the increasing of vegetation coverage.Therefore，gully correction project is very necessary for runoff and sediment management in the whole Yellow River watershed.
机译：探索不同尺度下的排沙动力特性，不仅是发现排沙量变化规律的基础，也是当今水土流失研究的前沿。分析了三个流域在三个不同尺度下的流域的利用和植被覆盖度。此外，还讨论了土地利用和植被变化对径流和泥沙减少的影响的尺度差异规律。流域面积和径流模量/沉积物排放模量分别具有合理的良好的指数/线性关系。而且，随着流域面积的增加，径流模量和泥沙模量也都增加。分别由于v的增加而降低20％-100％和10％-100％植被覆盖度和土地利用结构的优化。在不同降水水平下，径流模量和排沙量的减少率也有很大差异。此外，这四个小流域在径流和泥沙减少方面也表现出规模差异。桥子沟沟流域可以看作是一个整体的坡面，降水的增加会减弱地表条件对径流的影响，特别是在雨水多雨的年份，径流减少率仅为10％。地表条件对径流的影响更大，且相对稳定，不受降水变化的控制。基础地表条件的变化对泥沙流量的影响与径流的影响不相等。与干年相比，干湿年更强正常年份。由于植被管理实际上很难改变较大流域上河道的排沙能力，而丘陵和黄土丘陵区的泥沙源丰富，因此倾斜的植被管理以及为减少泥沙的水土保持措施具有一定的意义。因此，为了减少较大规模流域的沉积物，关键问题是减少径流。植被对减少径流和沉积物的影响并没有无限的扩展，这表明一定程度上有效植被覆盖率为45％-50％。在此阈值以下，对减少径流和泥沙的影响随着植被覆盖率的增加而急剧增加。因此，沟壑整治工程对于整个黄河的径流和泥沙管理非常必要。河流分水岭。

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