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ENVIRONMENTAL EQUITY: STATE IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE REQUIREMENTS

机译：环境公平：环境司法要求的州实施

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President Clinton’s Executive Order 12898 (February 1994) directed all Federal agenciesto develop an Environmental Justice Strategy that identifies and addresses the potentialfor disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects of theirprograms, policies, and activities on minority and low income populations. While the EOfocused on direction to Federal agencies, States have more recently turned attention todeveloping and implementing Environmental Justice policies. The impetus for State EJprogram development stems from an increasing number of Title VI (Civil Rights Act of1964) complaints filed with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regardingenvironmental permitting by States and Local Units of government. As a condition ofreceiving funding under EPA’s program grants, recipient agencies are required to complywith EPA’s Title VI regulations. The EPA has developed interim guidance forinvestigating complaints filed under Title VI alleging discriminatory effects fromissuance of pollution control permits by agencies that receive EPA funding. The guidancestates that if EPA finds discrimination in a recipient’s permitting program, and therecipients is unable to come into compliance voluntarily, EPA will initiate procedures todeny, annul, suspend, or terminate funding. The policy establishes that discriminatoryeffects exist if “the permit at issue will have a disparate impact on a minoritycommunity.” Region 5 has prepared interim guidelines for identifying and addressingpotential environmental justice cases including protocol for evaluating environmentaljustice issues relating to enforcement and permitting matters.Recently, the focus of Title VI complaints has been on environmental permitting; most ofthe 44 Title VI administrative complaints filed with EPA since 1993, have related toenvironmental permitting. Because many state environmental programs are delegated byFederal law, these complaints have been brought against state environmental permittingdecisions. Consequently, states have a strong interest in the interim guidance. Workingthrough the Environmental Council of States (ECOS), states have expressed a number ofconcerns with the EPA interim guidance:· Conflicts with current state and local land use planning;· Scientific basis of the principles and processes· Insufficient state involvement in the development of the guidance;· Potential disruption in existing environmental programs;· Viability of the intended outcomes and consequences beyond the recipients’authority.
机译：克林顿总统第12898号行政命令（1994年2月）指示所有联邦机构 制定确定和解决潜在问题的环境正义战略 对其人类健康或环境造成不成比例的巨大影响 针对少数族裔和低收入人群的计划，政策和活动。而EO 由于着眼于向联邦机构的指导，各州最近已将注意力转向 制定和实施环境司法政策。国家EJ的推动力 计划的制定源于越来越多的第六章（《公民权利法》） 1964年）向美国环境保护署（EPA）提出的投诉 国家和地方政府部门的环境许可。作为条件 根据EPA的计划赠款获得资金，受赠机构必须遵守 符合EPA的Title VI规定。 EPA已针对 调查根据标题VI提出的歧视性影响的投诉 由获得EPA资助的机构颁发污染控制许可证。指引 指出，如果EPA在接受者的许可计划中发现歧视，并且 收件人无法自愿遵守规定，EPA将启动程序以 拒绝，取消，暂停或终止资金。该政策规定歧视性 如果“有争议的许可证将对少数群体产生不同的影响，则存在影响 社区。”第5区已准备了用于识别和解决的临时指南 潜在的环境司法案件，包括评估环境的协议 与执法和许可事项有关的司法问题。 最近，第六章投诉的焦点一直在环境许可上。大多数 自1993年以来，向EPA提交的44篇第六章行政投诉涉及 环境许可。因为许多州的环境计划是由 联邦法律，这些投诉是针对州环境许可提出的 决定。因此，各州对临时指导有浓厚的兴趣。在职的 通过国家环境委员会（ECOS），各州已经表达了许多 对EPA临时指南的关注： ·与当前的州和地方土地使用计划相抵触; ·原则和程序的科学依据 ·国家对指南的制定没有足够的参与; ·现有环境计划的潜在破坏; ·预期结果和后果的可行性超出接受者的范围 权威。

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