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Analysis and Design of a Precise Omnidirectional Stereo Vision Optical Device Utilizing a Single Camera

机译:利用单个摄像机的精密全向立体视觉光学设备的分析与设计

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A catadioptric optical system is one that employs both lens and mirror components in the optical path, and can be used to capture a nearly 360°field of view. Such a system had the advantages of processing only one image, and with this image being continuous, not having to deal with discontinuities at the boundaries of view as a ring of conventional cameras would introduce. This paper presents a novel configured catadioptric sensor, a precise omnidirectional stereo vision optical device (OSVOD) based on a common perspective camera coupled with two hyperbolic mirrors. As the hyperbolic mirrors ensure a single viewpoint (SVP) the incident light rays are easily found from the points of the image. In our system the two hyperbolic mirrors, which aligned coaxially and separately, share one focus that coincides with the camera center. So the geometry of our system naturally ensures matched epipolar lines in the two images of the scene. The separation between the two mirrors provides a large baseline and eventually leads to a precise result. The properties mentioned above make the system especially suitable for omnidirectional stereo vision because depth estimation is simple, fast and precise. This proposed system can be used for detecting obstacles by mobile robots, automatic mapping of environments and machine vision where fast and real-time calculations are needed.
机译:折反射光学系统是在光学路径中同时使用透镜和反射镜组件的系统,可用于捕获近360°的视野。这样的系统具有仅处理一个图像的优点,并且该图像是连续的,而不必像传统的照相机环那样引入视场的不连续性。本文介绍了一种新型配置的折反射传感器,一种基于全视角摄像机和两个双曲反射镜的精密全向立体视觉光学设备(OSVOD)。由于双曲反射镜可确保单个视点(SVP),因此可以轻松地从图像点发现入射光线。在我们的系统中,同轴且分开对齐的两个双曲面镜共享与相机中心重合的一个焦点。因此,我们系统的几何形状自然可以确保场景的两个图像中匹配的极线。两个反射镜之间的分隔提供了较大的基线,并最终导致精确的结果。上面提到的特性使该系统特别适合于全向立体视觉,因为深度估计简单,快速且精确。该提议的系统可用于通过移动机器人检测障碍物,自动映射环境和需要快速和实时计算的机器视觉。

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