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首页> 外文会议>IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) International Frequency Control Symposium and Exhibition; 20050829-31; Vancouver(CA) >Amplitude-Frequency Effects in VHF Quartz Resonators
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Amplitude-Frequency Effects in VHF Quartz Resonators

机译：VHF石英谐振器的幅度-频率效应

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摘要

Dynamic amplitude-frequency effect measurements made of VHF quartz resonators indicate the presence of two separate mechanisms, the relative contribution of which varies for different cuts. For the SC-cut a step-change in drive level leads to a frequency shift with very short time constant (1 ms) that is presumably the classic direct nonlinear elastic effect. Others such as AT-, BT- and LD-cuts show only a much longer time constant (200 ms), presumably a thermally related indirect nonlinear elastic effect. Near the SC-cut, resonators exhibit a combination of both short- and long-time-constant frequency changes. In some cases the two mechanisms produce frequency shifts in opposite directions. This behavior is problematic for some amplitude-frequency-effect measurement approaches because the measured shift depends on the timing of those measurements. It is not surprising that the SC-cut response shows only the direct nonlinear elastic effect, but it is unexpected that the AT- and BT-cuts appear not to show such effect. These results raise a question as to how these amplitude-frequency effects scale to lower frequencies, what criterion should be used in selecting these characteristics for optimum oscillator phase noise performance and whether it is proper to determine nonlinear elastic constants from AT-cut resonator measurements that assume there is no thermally related effect. LD-cut questions are also raised.
机译：由VHF石英谐振器进行的动态幅度-频率效应测量表明，存在两种独立的机制，它们的相对作用因切割的不同而不同。对于SC切割，驱动电平的阶跃变化会导致具有非常短的时间常数（1 ms）的频率偏移，这大概是经典的直接非线性弹性效应。其他诸如AT，BT和LD切割显示的时间常数更长（200 ms），大概是与热相关的间接非线性弹性效应。在SC切口附近，谐振器表现出短期和长期恒定频率变化的组合。在某些情况下，这两种机制会产生相反方向的频移。对于某些幅度-频率效应测量方法，此行为是有问题的，因为所测量的偏移取决于那些测量的时间。毫不奇怪，SC-cut响应仅显示直接的非线性弹性效应，但是出乎意料的是，AT-cut和BT-cuts似乎没有显示这种效果。这些结果提出了一个问题，这些振幅-频率效应如何扩展到较低的频率，在选择这些特性以达到最佳振荡器相位噪声性能时应采用什么标准，以及根据AT切谐振器测量结果确定非线性弹性常数是否合适？假设没有热相关的影响。还提出了最不发达国家问题。

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