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首页> 外文会议>2019 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency >A Response to the United Nations CITES Blockchain Challenge: Incremental and Integrative PoA-based Permit Exchange
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A Response to the United Nations CITES Blockchain Challenge: Incremental and Integrative PoA-based Permit Exchange

机译：对联合国CITES区块链挑战的回应：基于PoA的增量和集成许可证交换

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摘要

The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) negotiated and administered by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) regulates the international trade of endangered species and derived products through a permit-based system. Currently, the permit process is paper-based and hence highly prone to manipulations and errors. Being aware of blockchains' potential, the CITES Secretariat defined a challenge to determine whether a blockchain-based system can address the aforementioned issues and serve as a secure, efficient, and affordable permit processing system. In this paper, we respond to the CITES Blockchain Challenge. First, we analyze the permit process and discuss how blockchain systems can improve that process in a way traditional systems cannot. Building on these results, we design a blockchain-based system that enables secure, manipulation-resistant permit validation, produces an immutable record of processed permits, and is in compliance with the CITES agreement. To evaluate this design, we developed a proof-of-concept implementation compatible with the paper-based permit process and deployed it to a Proof-of-Authority-based blockchain network. This allows incremental adoption and integration with the existing process, thereby increasing acceptance and addressing affordability. Finally, we describe how a blockchain-based system could disruptively improve the established permit process by enforcing quotas and tracking provenance.
机译：由联合国环境规划署（UNEP）谈判和管理的《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》（CITES）通过基于许可证的制度规范了濒危物种及其衍生产品的国际贸易。当前，许可过程是基于纸张的，因此很容易发生操纵和错误。意识到区块链的潜力，CITES秘书处定义了一个挑战，以确定基于区块链的系统是否可以解决上述问题，并充当安全，高效且负担得起的许可证处理系统。在本文中，我们应对CITES区块链挑战。首先，我们分析许可流程，并讨论区块链系统如何以传统系统无法实现的方式改进该流程。基于这些结果，我们设计了一个基于区块链的系统，该系统能够进行安全，抗操纵的许可证验证，生成处理过的许可证的不可变记录，并符合CITES协议。为了评估该设计，我们开发了与基于纸质许可流程兼容的概念验证实施，并将其部署到基于权限证明的区块链网络。这允许增量采用和与现有流程集成，从而增加接受度并解决可负担性。最后，我们描述了基于区块链的系统如何通过强制执行配额和跟踪出处来破坏性地改善已建立的许可流程。

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