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首页> 外文会议>IFIP(International Federation for Information Processing) TC8 WG8.2 International Working Conference; 20080810-13; Toronto(CA) >Organizational Learning In Health Care: Situating Free and Open Source Software
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Organizational Learning In Health Care: Situating Free and Open Source Software

机译：卫生保健中的组织学习：免费和开源软件

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down approach to systems design) and the ground of implementation (usually sensitive to a variety of contexts). As it is unusual in developing contexts to have spontaneous voluntary participation, the software development process needs to be designed and carried out in a way that allows local organizations to "indigenize" FOSS. Its fluidity allows inscribing a variety of context-bound socio-technical arrangements (De Laet and Mol 2000), and also can cause avoidance of path-dependencies and vendor lock-ins (Weerawarana and Weeratunge 2004). The case of a health information system being implemented in Kerala, as part of an international initiative, is presented. We describe, on one side, the principles and views supporting the network and local politics and, on the other side, aspects of the implementation dynamic, which is underestimated in the common approach to ICT for development (Avgerou 2007). The project presented in the paper has significant links both at the global level (participating in a broad and heterogeneous network of trend-setting organizations like universities and research centers, international donors, ministries of different countries) and local levels (where systems are piloted and implemented, capacity building is carried out, requirements for further developments are collected). Empirical exploration showed that the (formal and informal) institutional constraints, which FOSS implies and relies on, are fragmented or absent, whereas others can be relevant. Nevertheless, FOSS narrative proves to be present and effective both in negotiations between stakeholders, and in facilitating local participation to information system development. The meso-level position of this initiative shows the distance between the two ends, descriptively. Prescriptively, it suggests how possible bridges can allow interorganiza-tional relations across a variety of actors rarely involved in the same FOSS initiative. The interactions around local technical skills improvement and the increased ability for organizations to formulate, express, negotiate, and inscribe their needs in technology is proposed as a chance for organizational learning. In contexts of multiple accountabilities (Suchman 2002), we claim that the relevance of FOSS emerges from negotiating alliances, and does not inhere in FOSS itself. FOSS facilitates learning as far as its openness is allowed by software development processes, and enacted by brokering activities to relate dispersed practices (Gherardi and Nicolini 2002).
机译：向下的系统设计方法）和实施基础（通常对各种环境敏感）。由于在开发环境中具有自发的自愿参与是不寻常的，因此需要以允许本地组织“本地化” FOSS的方式来设计和执行软件开发过程。它的流动性允许刻画各种上下文相关的社会技术安排（De Laet和Mol 2000），并且还可以避免路径依赖和供应商锁定（Weerawarana和Weeratunge 2004）。介绍了作为国际倡议一部分在喀拉拉邦实施的卫生信息系统的情况。我们一方面描述支持网络和地方政治的原则和观点，另一方面描述实施动态的各个方面，而在信息通信技术促进发展的通用方法中却低估了这种动态（Avgerou 2007）。本文介绍的项目在全球层面（参与形成趋势的组织的广泛而异类的网络，如大学和研究中心，国际捐助者，不同国家的政府部门）与地方层面（在系统进行了试验和实施，进行能力建设，收集进一步发展的要求）。实证研究表明，FOSS隐含和依赖的（正式和非正式）制度约束是零散的或不存在的，而其他约束可能是相关的。然而，事实证明，FOSS叙事在利益相关者之间的谈判中以及在促进本地参与信息系统开发方面都存在并且有效。该计划的中观位置描述性地显示了两端之间的距离。从规范上讲，它暗示了可能的桥梁如何允许跨很少参与同一FOSS计划的各种参与者之间的组织间关系。围绕本地技术技能的提高以及组织制定，表达，谈判和登记其对技术需求的能力增强的互动被提议为组织学习的机会。在多重责任制的背景下（Suchman 2002），我们声称自由开放源码软件的重要性来自于谈判联盟，而不是自由开放源码软件本身。 FOSS会在软件开发过程允许的开放性范围内最大程度地促进学习，并通过与分散的实践相关的经纪活动来实现开放性（Gherardi和Nicolini 2002）。

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