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Chapter 4.2 Recent Earthquake Site Response Studies in Canada

机译：第4.2章加拿大最近的地震现场反应研究

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Earthquake site response studies are becoming increasingly common across Canada - particularly in large, urban centres. This is due, in part, to new instrumentation that can be easily used to collect recordings of ground shaking, and new geotechnical methods to map out shear-wave velocity and subsurface geometry. Since 2003, nearly 1,000 microtremor recordings have been collected in southwestern British Columbia. Coverage includes numerous sites on Vancouver Island, greater Victoria, greater Vancouver, and a 10-km stretch of the Sea-to-Sky Highway that links Vancouver to Whistler (site of the 2010 Winter Olympic Games). Single-instrument microtremor recordings were collected to evaluate earthquake site response using the horizontal-to-vertical (H/V) spectral ratio method. These results were used for: (1) comparison at strong-motion instrument sites with earthquake spectral ratios, (2) comparison at sites with macroseismic (earthquake intensity and damage) information, (3) comparison at sites with measured shear-wave velocities (12 seismic cone penetration tests and four spectral analysis of surface wave technique), (4) hazard mapping projects, and (5) investigating soil-structure interaction. Results obtained from these various methods in Victoria are in good agreement. In eastern Canada, where most earthquake damage has been associated with the soft Leda clay layer that overlies the hard Precambrian rocks of the Canadian Shield, studies have focussed on the urban centres of Montreal, Ottawa, and Quebec City. Here, NEHRP (National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program) classification maps are being produced, and significant resonant amplification factors are observed (greater than 50 in some cases). This paper documents earthquake site response studies currently underway in urban centres of Canada, and some of the applications of those studies.
机译：地震现场响应研究在加拿大各地越来越普遍，尤其是在大型的城市中心。这部分归因于可以轻松用于收集地面震动记录的新仪器，以及用于绘制剪切波速度和地下几何形状的新岩土方法。自2003年以来，在不列颠哥伦比亚省西南部收集了近1000例微震记录。覆盖范围包括温哥华岛，大维多利亚州，大温哥华地区的众多景点，以及将温哥华与惠斯勒相连的10公里的海天高速公路（2010年冬季奥运会的举办地）。使用水平-垂直（H / V）频谱比率方法，收集单仪器微震记录以评估地震现场响应。这些结果用于：（1）在具有地震频谱比的强运动仪器位置进行比较，（2）在具有大地震（地震强度和破坏）信息的位置进行比较，（3）在具有测量的横波速度的位置进行比较（ 12个地震锥渗透测试和4个表面波频谱分析技术），（4）危害测绘项目以及（5）研究土与结构的相互作用。通过维多利亚州的各种方法获得的结果非常吻合。在加拿大东部，地震造成的大部分破坏都与覆盖在加拿大盾构硬前寒武纪岩石上的软Leda粘土层有关，研究集中在蒙特利尔，渥太华和魁北克市的市中心。在这里，正在制作NEHRP（国家减少地震危害计划）分类图，并且观察到了明显的共振放大因子（在某些情况下大于50）。本文记录了加拿大城市中心目前正在进行的地震现场响应研究，以及这些研究的一些应用。

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