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首页> 外文会议>International Society of Explosives Engineers;Annual conference on explosives blasting technique >EDZ Control in Nuclear Waste Disposal Facility in Finland
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EDZ Control in Nuclear Waste Disposal Facility in Finland

机译：芬兰核废物处理设施中的EDZ控制

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In Finland Posiva Oy (Company) is responsible for implementing the final disposal programme for spentnuclear fuel of its owners. Company is preparing for the geological disposal in Olkiluoto crystallinebedrock. Excavation will be executed using drill and blast method. Method unavoidably causes variableexcavation damaged zone (EDZ) on tunnel surfaces. The EDZ constitutes a risk for long term safety andtherefore good control methodology of the blasting technique is required. The thicker the EDZ, thegreater is the likelihood for detrimental transport pathways for ground water to transport radio nuclides,should those be present.Control of the EDZ consists of the optimization of the excavation procedures and EDZ characterization.Procedures, tunnel and excavation designs have been tested and evaluated in Olkiluoto, ONKALO RockCharacterization Facility. The EDZ and other requirements are taken into consideration in the controland procedures applied, and can be adjusted should significant deviations be observed. Local deviationsin the EDZ requirements don't endanger the disposal concept provided that the EDZ does not constitutea continuous fracture network. Deviating areas can be omitted in the disposal or the damage zone can beremoved mechanically.Maximum allowed EDZ extend is set according to the Finnish publication of the general qualityrequirements for excavation (Infra-RYL 2010). In 2008 Company started a development of a method fornon-destructive EDZ characterization and Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) method based GPR EDZmethod was introduced 2010. The method is based on the frequency analysis of the high frequencycomponent of the GPR signal. Increase of the porosity, fracturing and water content changes theelectrical properties of the rock which are detected with the method. As a result, extend of the EDZ on ameasurement profile is defined. The method can be used for proving the conformity of the excavation interms of performance of the host rock as a natural barrier. The relation between the blasting design andextent of the EDZ has been proven in series of studies.The GPR EDZ method is applied shortly after the excavation and resulting report is generatedpractically in real time. The results can be used in excavation quality control, when the tunnel isofficially approved for the disposal. The method can be also used as an excavation quality guiding tool.In case of requirement exceeding allowed EDZ depth the used blasting design is inspected andcompared to the realization and corrective actions will be decided case-specific. Need for the designingrevision is evaluated. If failures in the procedures are detected these will be considered.
机译：在芬兰，Posiva Oy（公司）负责执行其所有者的乏核燃料最终处置计划。公司正在准备在Olkiluoto晶体基岩中进行地质处置。开挖将使用钻爆法进行。该方法不可避免地在隧道表面造成开挖损坏区（EDZ）。 EDZ构成长期安全风险，因此需要良好的爆破控制方法。 EDZ越厚，应该存在那些不利于地下水运输放射性核素的有害运输途径。EDZ的控制包括优化开挖程序和EDZ表征。已经进行了程序，隧道和开挖设计在ONKALO的岩石特征化设施Olkiluoto中进行了测试和评估。 EDZ和其他要求在应用的控制和程序中已考虑到，如果观察到明显的偏差，则可以进行调整。 EDZ要求中的局部偏差不会危及处置概念，前提是EDZ不构成连续的裂缝网络。弃置区可以省去偏斜区域，也可以机械去除损坏区域。EDZ的最大扩展长度是根据芬兰关于挖掘的一般质量要求发布的（Infra-RYL 2010）。 2008年，公司开始开发无损EDZ表征方法，并于2010年推出了基于GPR EDZ方法的探地雷达（GPR）方法。该方法基于对GPR信号高频分量的频率分析。孔隙率，压裂和水含量的增加改变了用该方法检测到的岩石的电学性质。结果，定义了EDZ在测量轮廓上的扩展。该方法可用于证明基岩作为天然屏障的性能在开挖方面的一致性。一系列研究已证明了爆破设计与EDZ范围之间的关系。开挖后不久就采用了GPR EDZ方法，实际上是实时生成结果报告。当隧道正式批准用于处置时，该结果可用于开挖质量控制。该方法也可以用作开挖质量指导工具。如果要求超出允许的EDZ深度，则检查所使用的爆破设计并与实现进行比较，并根据具体情况确定纠正措施。对设计修订的需要进行评估。如果检测到程序中的故障，将予以考虑。

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