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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Built Environment and Public Health(BEPH2004); 20041206-08; Shantou(CN) >Airflow and Contaminant Distribution in Hospital Wards with a Displacement Ventilation System
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Airflow and Contaminant Distribution in Hospital Wards with a Displacement Ventilation System

机译：带置换通风系统的医院病房中的气流和污染物分布

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Displacement ventilation has not been considered to be an applicable system for hospital wards probably due to its inability in removing large particles and risk of particle deposition on horizontal surfaces in the occupied regions. However, the existing downward ventilation system commonly used in isolation rooms also does not deliver the required performance. There is a need to develop an effective ventilation system in hospital wards. It is for this purpose that we study the performance of displacement ventilation in hospital wards as one of the steps to optimize ventilation design in hospital wards. When the prospect of applying displacement ventilation system in a hospital ward is examined, it should be necessary to accurately predict three-dimensional distribution of air velocity, temperature, and contaminant concentration in the ward. Indoor airflow in a displacement ventilation system involves a combination of different flow streams such as the gravity currents and thermal plumes. It is important to choose an appropriate turbulent model to simulate and reproduce the process of contaminant dispersion. The low Reynolds-number (LRN) k — ε (Launder and Sharma, 1978) turbulence model with a damping function (Chikamoto et al, 1992) was considered and evaluated by experiment. We carried out an experimental study to test the performance of the displacement ventilation system in a hospital ward. The results of LRN k — ε model with damping function agreed well with the measured data. Furthermore, the flow pattern showed by the calculated age of air agreed well with observed flow pattern by smoke visualization. The CFD results assisted us to understand the contaminant dispersion. It was shown that interaction of the exhaled flow and the body thermal plume generated by manikin would affect exhaled virus-laden aerosols distribution in the ward with displacement ventilation system.
机译：置换通风尚未被认为是医院病房的适用系统，这可能是因为置换通风无法清除大颗粒以及在被占地区的水平表面上有颗粒沉积的风险。但是，通常在隔离室中使用的现有向下通风系统也无法提供所需的性能。需要在医院病房中开发有效的通风系统。出于这个目的，我们研究医院病房中置换通风的性能，作为优化医院病房通风设计的步骤之一。当检查在医院病房中使用置换通风系统的前景时，应准确预测病房中风速，温度和污染物浓度的三维分布。置换通风系统中的室内气流涉及各种气流的组合，例如重力流和热羽流。选择合适的湍流模型来模拟和再现污染物扩散过程非常重要。考虑了具有阻尼功能的低雷诺数（LRN）k-ε（Launder和Sharma，1978）湍流模型（Chikamoto等，1992），并通过实验对其进行了评估。我们进行了一项实验研究，以测试医院病房中置换通风系统的性能。具有阻尼功能的LRNk_ε模型的结果与实测数据吻合良好。此外，通过计算出的空气年龄显示的流动模式与通过烟雾可视化观察到的流动模式非常吻合。 CFD结果帮助我们了解了污染物的扩散。研究表明，人体模型产生的呼出气流与人体热羽相互作用会影响带置换通风系统的病房中呼出的携带病毒的气溶胶分布。

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