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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Desertification in the Third Millennium; Feb 12-15, 2000; Dubai >The Impacts of Global Climatic Change on Reference Crop Evapotranspiration, Irrigation Water Demands, Soil Salinity, and Desertification in Arabian Peninsula
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The Impacts of Global Climatic Change on Reference Crop Evapotranspiration, Irrigation Water Demands, Soil Salinity, and Desertification in Arabian Peninsula

机译：全球气候变化对阿拉伯半岛参考作物蒸散量，灌溉需水量，土壤盐分和荒漠化的影响

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There are suggestions that there will be a global increase in the air temperature of 1.5-4.5℃ during the coming 50 years if the present trend of the greenhouse effect continues. This increase in air temperature is expected to be accompanied by global changes in other meteorological parameters such as wind speed, sunshine hours, humidity, precipitation and radiation. In the Arabian Peninsula, irrigation water consumption for desert greening, crop production, and landscape irrigation is about 90% of total national water consumption. Any increase in air temperature and in other meteorological parameters will affect the crop evapotranspiration, crop water requirements, and the salinity level in the soil. Consequently, the survival of desert plants and desertification will be accelerated. The impact of the expected temperature increase on reference crop evapotranspiration (ET_o), irrigation water demands, soil salinity and desertification were assessed in six agricultural centers located in different hydrogeologi-cal regions in the Arabian Peninsula. They represent Coastal, Central Plateau, Northern region, and Southwestern region. These are: Al Dhaid (Sharjah, UAE), Al Qatif (Saudi Arabia), Kuwait city (Kuwait), Riyadh (Saudi Arabia), Al Madinah (Saudi Arabia), and Jizan (Saudi Arabia). The results show that an increase in temperature of 1℃ would result in increasing the ET_o and water demands by values ranging between 1.7 and 4.4%. An increase in temperature of 5℃ would result in increasing the evapotranspiration and water demands by values ranging between 8.2 and 20.9%. The maximum increase will be in winter in Kuwait. The minimum increase will occur in summer in Riyadh. The expected increase in water demands will result in possible water shortage. This will cause an increase in the soil salinity by about 1.1 to 3.0 times the original salinity level. The rise in soil salinity will have detrimental effects on desert plants. Some species might be partially or completely damaged; especially in grazing lands. Consequently, desertification processes will be enhanced in the deserts of the Peninsula.
机译：有建议认为，如果目前的温室效应趋势持续下去，未来50年全球气温将上升1.5-4.5℃。预计气温的上升将伴随着其他气象参数的全球变化，例如风速，日照时间，湿度，降水和辐射。在阿拉伯半岛，沙漠绿化，农作物生产和景观灌溉的灌溉用水约占全国总用水量的90％。气温和其他气象参数的任何升高都会影响作物的蒸散量，作物的需水量和土壤中的盐度水平。因此，将加快荒漠植物的生存和荒漠化。在阿拉伯半岛不同水文地理区域的六个农业中心，评估了预期温度升高对参考作物蒸散量（ET_o），灌溉需水量，土壤盐分和荒漠化的影响。它们代表沿海地区，中部高原地区，北部地区和西南地区。它们是：Al Dhaid（阿联酋沙迦），Al Qatif（沙特阿拉伯），科威特城（科威特），Riyadh（沙特阿拉伯），Al Madinah（沙特阿拉伯）和Jizan（沙特阿拉伯）。结果表明，温度每升高1℃，ET_o和需水量将增加1.7％至4.4％。温度每升高5℃，蒸散量和需水量将增加8.2％至20.9％。增幅最大的将是科威特的冬季。最低增长将发生在夏季的利雅得。预期的需水量增加将可能导致缺水。这将使土壤盐分增加原始盐分水平的1.1到3.0倍。土壤盐分的升高将对沙漠植物产生不利影响。有些物种可能被部分或完全破坏；特别是在放牧地因此，半岛沙漠地区的荒漠化进程将得到加强。

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