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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Polymers in Aggressive and Corrosive Environments; 20040908-09; Cologne(DE) >ENCAPSULATION OF RADIOACTIVE WASTES IN POLYMERIC MATERIALS
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ENCAPSULATION OF RADIOACTIVE WASTES IN POLYMERIC MATERIALS

机译：高分子材料中放射性废物的包封

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The use of polymeric materials for the encapsulation of radioactive wastes is not an area extensively researched or utilised in the UK. However, under certain circumstances and for a few specific wastestreams, they potentially offer advantages over other materials but with this come specific issues which Nirex have started to investigate. The use of polymers for the encapsulation and disposal of radioactive wastes exposes them to a unique and challenging environment. This in turn raises a number of areas that need to be investigated to demonstrate that the behaviour of polymer encapsulants is both understood and has no significant detrimental effect on waste management. Amongst the key issues are: 1. engineering of the properties of polymeric materials to provide the desired characteristics; 2. understanding the stability of polymers over an extended timescale under the chemical conditions and radiation fields expected during the storage and disposal of the wastes; 3. prediction of the degradation products of polymers under the relevant conditions and timescales, noting that degradation processes may be slow; 4. understanding the chemistry of potential degradation products, including aqueous species, non-aqueous species and gases; 5. developing suitable means of assessing the impact of degradation products on the overall performance of waste management systems. Initial simple treatments have adopted a conservative but unrealistic approach to the consideration of processes such as degradation. However, this can give rise to unsatisfactory outcomes and can be seen as indicating an incomplete understanding of the behaviour of the materials. Consequently, continuing research is directed towards developing a more realistic treatment of the potential effects of the use of polymer encapsulants, based on improving understanding. This paper presents further details of the issues that arise from the use of polymers and summarises current research.
机译：在英国，使用聚合物材料封装放射性废物并不是一个广泛研究或利用的领域。但是，在某些情况下，对于一些特定的废物流，它们可能比其他材料具有优势，但是随之而来的是Nirex已开始研究的特定问题。聚合物用于放射性废物的封装和处置使它们处于独特而充满挑战的环境中。反过来，这提出了许多领域，需要进行研究以证明聚合物密封剂的行为既可以理解，又对废物管理没有明显的不利影响。关键问题之一是：1.工程高分子材料的性能以提供所需的特性； 2.了解聚合物在废物储存和处置过程中预期的化学条件和辐射场下在较长时间内的稳定性； 3.预测相关条件和时间范围内聚合物的降解产物，注意降解过程可能很慢； 4.了解潜在降解产物的化学性质，包括水性物质，非水性物质和气体； 5.开发适当的方法来评估降解产物对废物管理系统整体性能的影响。最初的简单处理已采用保守但不切实际的方法来考虑诸如降解之类的过程。但是，这可能会导致结果不令人满意，并且可以视为表明对材料行为的不完全了解。因此，在增进了解的基础上，持续的研究旨在开发一种更加现实的使用聚合物密封剂的潜在效果的处理方法。本文介绍了使用聚合物引起的问题的更多细节，并总结了当前的研究。

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