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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management(PSAM7-ESREL'04) v.6; 20040614-20040618; Berlin; DE >Exposure to Hazardous Substances during Electronic Waste Recycling
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Exposure to Hazardous Substances during Electronic Waste Recycling

机译：电子废物回收过程中接触有害物质

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摘要

A survey was made to get more information about the electronics waste recycling market. 550 enterprises were contacted after phone and internet investigations. 81 of 162 enterprises, who have answered, treat electronic waste with an throughput of approximately 245,000 t/y. In 16 enterprises with an throughput of approximately 103,000 t/y dust was sampled. This samples were analysed on Cd, Pb, Ni, Co, and Mn, partially at CH_2O, PCB, PCDD/F, and PBDD/F. 54 workers were interviewed about their dermal exposure. Most of the results are without difficulties: 94 % of the I_(MAK) values and 85 % of I_(TRK) values were under the limit. But there are some problematic areas. Workers working at a shredder are polluted with high burdens of Pb, Cd and Mn. The values of formaldehyde, polychlorinated biphenyl, and chlorinated dioxin and furan have a very comfortable distance to the limit. But there are problems at brominated dioxin and furan because they exceed highly the limit adapted from chlorinated species. The Cd limit is often highly exceeded only at workplaces with possible contact to cathode ray tubes. The Cd and Pb pollution of workers who open the CRT (in special facilities or using a hammer) are partially extremely high. IMAK exceeds the limit at some workplaces too. This is already given by high concentrations of Pb. The skin strain results in reddening at 28 % and in skin lesions at 48 % of interviewed workers most on their hands. Reasons and effects for absorption of pollutants are given.
机译：进行了一项调查，以获取有关电子废物回收市场的更多信息。通过电话和互联网调查后，与550家企业进行了联系。在162家企业中，有81家回答了这些问题，处理电子垃圾的吞吐量约为245,000吨/年。在16家企业中，粉尘年产量约为103,000吨。在Cd，Pb，Ni，Co和Mn上分析了这些样品，部分在CH_2O，PCB，PCDD / F和PBDD / F上进行了分析。采访了54名工人的皮肤暴露情况。大多数结果都没有困难：94％的I_（MAK）值和85％的I_（TRK）值都在限制范围内。但是这里有一些问题。在切碎机上工作的工人被铅，镉和锰的高负荷污染。甲醛，多氯联苯，氯二恶英和呋喃的值与限值的距离非常舒适。但是，溴化二恶英和呋喃存在问题，因为它们大大超过了氯化物种的限制。通常仅在可能与阴极射线管接触的工作场所中才大大超过Cd限值。打开CRT的工人（在特殊设施中或使用锤子）对Cd和Pb的污染在某种程度上非常高。 IMAK在某些工作场所也超过了限制。高浓度的铅已经给出了这一点。皮肤劳损导致大部分受访者手上的皮肤变红28％，皮肤损伤48％。给出了吸收污染物的原因和影响。

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