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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management(PSAM7-ESREL'04) v.6; 20040614-20040618; Berlin; DE >Long-term Safety of Final Repositories: Experiences concerning the Role of Uncertainty and Risk in Assessments and Regulations
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Long-term Safety of Final Repositories: Experiences concerning the Role of Uncertainty and Risk in Assessments and Regulations

机译：最终存储库的长期安全性：关于不确定性和风险在评估和法规中的作用的经验

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摘要

The concept of disposal of long-lived radioactive waste in deep geological repositories is an essentially passive and permanent management option which has the potential to isolate the waste for extremely long periods of time. Decisions to be made during repository development need to be supported by a post-closure Safety Case (a synthesis of evidence, analyses and arguments that quantify and substantiate a claim that the repository will be safe after closure). In the frame of Safety Assessments, which stand at the core of the Safety Case, potential long-term evolutions of the repository system called scenarios are constructed. For these scenarios, the behaviour of the system components (engineered, geotechnical and natural barriers) are described using model calculations with regard to the potential migration of radionuclides and to hazards for man or the environment. If a Safety Case supports a licensing decision within a repository programme, compliance with regulations and criteria has to be demonstrated. Presently a revision of the Safety Criteria for the disposal of radioactive waste in a mine which were issued in 1983 is underway. On behalf of the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU) and supported by a body composed of experts from several German organisations and from abroad, GRS Koeln drafted a proposal for the revision which is presently under review. In parallel, a supporting guideline with requirements and recommendations for the post-closure Safety Case is being developed. The paper describes conclusions drawn by GRS Koeln from several national and international projects including its own development work which provided useful input to the revision of Safety Criteria and guidelines. A summary of the current state of the revision (November 2003) is also given.
机译：在深部地质处置库中处置长寿命放射性废物的概念是一种基本的被动和永久性管理选择，具有在极长的时间内隔离废物的潜力。储存库开发期间做出的决定需要有关闭后的安全案例支持（证据，分析和论据的综合，量化和证实储存库在关闭后将是安全的主张）。在作为安全案例核心的安全评估框架中，构建了称为方案的存储库系统的潜在长期演变。对于这些情况，使用模型计算来描述系统组件（工程，岩土和自然屏障）的行为，涉及放射性核素的潜在迁移以及对人或环境的危害。如果安全案例支持存储库程序中的许可决策，则必须证明其符合法规和标准。目前，正在对1983年发布的《矿山放射性废物处置安全标准》进行修订。 GRS Koeln代表联邦环境，自然保护与核安全部（BMU），由来自德国和国外的几个组织的专家组成的机构支持，起草了修订提案，目前正在审核中。同时，正在制定一项有关封闭后安全案例要求和建议的辅助指南。本文介绍了GRS Koeln从多个国家和国际项目中得出的结论，包括其自身的开发工作，这些工作为修订安全标准和指南提供了有益的投入。还提供了修订的当前状态（2003年11月）的摘要。

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