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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Regional Carbon Budgets; 20060816-18; Beijing(CN) >Contributions of clean development mechanism to GHG emissions reduction in Nigeria
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Contributions of clean development mechanism to GHG emissions reduction in Nigeria

机译：清洁发展机制对尼日利亚温室气体减排的贡献

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CO_2 emissions from Nigeria's energy system were 78 million tonnes (MTon) in 1980, 83 MTon in 1985, 90 MTon in 1990 and 98 MTon in 1995. This implied that between 1980 and 1995, CO_2 emissions increased at an annual average rate of 1.5%. With increased future energy demand, there will also be associated increase in greenhouse gas emissions unless measures to either mitigate the emissions or sinks to absorb them are put into the system This study is an effort at examining the future energy supply system and its associated CO_2 emissions with a view to looking at the effects of various measures and energy technologies to reduce the emissions. An integrated assessment approach has been adopted. In achieving this, a quantitative tool, MARKAL (MARKet Allocation) model was used. MARKAL is a large-scale linear optimization model based on the concept of the reference energy system. Three scenarios were developed and analysed in this study. These are business-as-usual (BAU), the gas-flare reduction (GFR) and the CO_2 mitigation scenarios. Analysis of the model results reveal that under the BAU scenario, CO_2 emission rose from 99 MTon in 2000 (base year) to 120 MTon in 2040. On the other hand, in the GFR scenario, CO_2 emission in 2040 will roughly be the same as the base year value. Cumulatively, CO_2 emission reduction relative to the BAU scenario is 763 MTon. The total CO_2 reduction in the CO_2 mitigation scenario over the study horizon is 158 MTon. Based on the incremental costs per unit of CO_2 avoided in the system, ranking of the various mitigation options was carried out. This is to reveal the energy projects that may be implemented under the clean development mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol (KP) to reduce the GHG emission, increase and improve energy services and promote sustainable development in Nigeria.
机译：尼日利亚能源系统的CO_2排放量在1980年为7800万吨，在1985年为83吨，在1990年为90吨，在1995年为98吨。这意味着在1980年至1995年之间，CO_2的年平均增长率为1.5％。 。随着未来能源需求的增加，除非将缓解排放或吸收汇的吸收措施纳入系统，否则温室气体的排放也会随之增加。本研究旨在研究未来的能源供应系统及其相关的CO_2排放为了研究各种措施和能源技术减少排放的影响。已采用综合评估方法。为了实现这一目标，使用了定量工具MARKAL（市场分配）模型。 MARKAL是基于参考能量系统概念的大规模线性优化模型。在本研究中开发并分析了三种情况。这些是照常使用（BAU），减少气体火炬（GFR）和减少CO_2的方案。对模型结果的分析表明，在BAU情景下，CO_2排放量从2000年（基准年）的99 MTon上升到2040年的120 MTon。另一方面，在GFR情景下，2040年的CO_2排放将大致与基本年值。相对于BAU情景，CO_2排放量累计减少763 MTon。在整个研究阶段，CO_2缓解情景中的总CO_2减少量为158 MTon。基于系统中避免的每单位CO_2的增量成本，对各种缓解方案进行了排名。这是为了揭示可在《京都议定书》（KP）的清洁发展机制（CDM）下实施的能源项目，以减少温室气体排放，增加和改善能源服务并促进尼日利亚的可持续发展。

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