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首页> 外文会议>International Conference on Sustainable Urbanization Strategies; 20031102-05; Weihai(CN) >Poverty Alleviation through Rural-Urban Linkages: Policy Implications
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Poverty Alleviation through Rural-Urban Linkages: Policy Implications

机译：通过城乡联系减轻贫困：政策含义

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The above shows that infrastructure development in urban and rural areas as well as linking urban and rural areas is one of the core elements of urban and rural poverty alleviation. Nowadays, poverty is understood as a condition that has three related aspects: "income poverty", "access poverty" and "power poverty". The alleviation of income poverty can only be sustainable, if the poor themselves initiate and sustain the income-generating activity. However, in order to be able to seize the economic opportunity, the poor need access to essential infrastructure and services and a supportive environment that includes pro-poor laws and regulations. The participation of the poor in decision-making that directly affects their lives and livelihoods is necessary to bring about this supportive environment. Using rural-urban linkages for poverty alleviation means strengthening the links through a more balanced distribution of political power between urban and rural areas and an improved capacity to seize economic opportunities in a globalizing economy . The empowerment of rural communities is part of the process of decentralization, the redistribution of government function to lower levels of government, the move towards good governance and the growing emphasis on community participation in decision-making. Within the globalizing economy where free-trade principles reign, economic development of regions that include both urban and rural areas requires opening the region through infrastructure and service development, in particular markets, roads and transport. This will facilitate the marketing of rural products and it will support local economic development in the urban centres. However, opening a region to the broader economy can have both positive and negative impacts. It will not only make it easier to move local products to the national and global market, but it will also make it easier for global products to enter the small urban centres and the rural areas and compete with local products. Therefore, capacity building of all stakeholders concerned needs to accompany the provision of infrastructure and services in the rural areas and in the small urban centres and between the rural areas and the urban centres. Farmers and other rural producers need to develop products that can compete in the open market in terms of price and quality as well as an entrepreneurial attitude. Small and medium-sized enterprises involved in trading or processing of products in the urban centres need to be able to compete in the market, and local governments need to create an economic environment in which the enterprises can prosper.
机译：综上所述，城乡基础设施建设以及城乡联系是城乡扶贫的核心内容之一。如今，贫困被理解为具有三个相关方面的状况：“收入贫困”，“获取贫困”和“权力贫困”。如果穷人自己发起并维持创收活动，那么减轻收入贫困的办法只能是可持续的。但是，为了能够抓住经济机会，穷人需要获得基本的基础设施和服务以及包括有利于穷人的法律和法规的支持性环境。贫困人口参与直接影响其生活和生计的决策对于创造这种支持性环境是必要的。利用城乡联系减轻贫困，意味着通过在城乡之间更加平衡地分配政治权力以及提高在全球化经济中抓住经济机会的能力来加强联系。农村社区的赋权是权力下放过程的一部分，政府职能向下层政府的重新分配，朝着善治迈进，并且越来越重视社区参与决策。在以自由贸易原则为主导的全球化经济中，包括城市和农村地区在内的地区的经济发展都需要通过基础设施和服务发展，特别是市场，道路和运输来开放该地区。这将促进农村产品的销售，并将支持城市中心的当地经济发展。但是，向更广泛的经济开放区域既有正面的影响也有负面的影响。这不仅使将本地产品推向全国和全球市场变得更加容易，而且还将使全球产品更容易进入小城市中心和农村地区并与本地产品竞争。因此，所有相关利益攸关方的能力建设都需要伴随着在农村地区和小城市中心以及在农村地区和城市中心之间提供基础设施和服务。农民和其他农村生产者需要开发能够在价格，质量和企业家态度上在公开市场上竞争的产品。参与城市中心产品贸易或加工的中小型企业需要能够在市场中竞争，地方政府需要创造一个经济环境以使企业能够繁荣发展。

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