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首页> 外文会议>International Landscape Architecture Symposium of China, Japan and Korea; 20051030-1101; Shanghai(CN) >A Study for Conservation of Herbaceous Plants at Urban Green Spaces: A Comparison to Suburban Secondary Forest
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A Study for Conservation of Herbaceous Plants at Urban Green Spaces: A Comparison to Suburban Secondary Forest

机译：城市绿地草本植物保护研究：与郊区次生林的比较

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摘要

The meaning of conservation of urban green spaces in Kyoto city was studied by comparing the herbaceous flora between 15 isolated urban green spaces and a suburban secondary forest. At the 15 urban green spaces of 58.9hm~2 in total, 376 herbaceous plants including 276 native species and 100 alien species were recorded. At a suburban secondary forest of 50.8hm~2, 355 herbaceous plants including 298 native species and 57 alien species were recorded on the list of herbaceous plants surveyed in the Kamigamo Experimental Forest of Kyoto University by technical officers between 1995 and 1996. The percentage of alien species was significantly high in the urban green spaces, whereas the percentage of native species was significantly high in the suburban secondary forest (chi-square test and Haberman's residual analysis, p < 0.05). Similarity coefficients between the urban green spaces and the suburban secondary forest were 0.48 in Jaccard index and 0.65 in Sorenson index. The percentage of perennials that is known to appear in late stage of succession was significantly high in the unique species of the suburban secondary forest (chi-square test and Haberman's residual analysis, p < 0.05). This was suggested that a suburban secondary forest had more stable environment in comparison with the urban green spaces. The red-listed species recorded at the suburban secondary forest included Sarcochilus japonicus (Orchidaceae), an epiphyte, which grows on tree trunks in humid forests. But no epiphyte was recorded at the 15 urban green spaces. It was supposed that the forests of the isolated urban green spaces had smaller amount of humid environments because they had greater amount of forest edges in comparison with the suburban secondary forest, which was connected to a larger forest area, and because they are sensitive to solar radiation and wind from outside of forests (edge effects). The red-listed species recorded at the urban green spaces included Veronica didyma var. Marina (Scrophulariaceae), Cyperus amuricus (Cyperaceae) and C. nipponicus (Cyperaceae). They were all widespread species at urban areas in the past. However these species were not recorded at the suburban secondary forest. Both V. didyma var. lilacina and C. amuricus were found along compacted paths in non-forest areas of urban green spaces, which was supposed to receive a high amount of solar radiation because there was no shading vegetation. It was considered that suburban secondary forests provide fewer amounts of suitable sites for the species. Although it cannot be directly concluded, it was considered that the urban green spaces had a function to conserve some rare herbaceous plant species that had once grown in immediate natural environments. Additionally, although the nature at urban areas was once considered to be inferior to that of suburban or rural areas in terms of wildlife habitats, it was revealed that the urban green spaces included unique rare herbaceous plants that were likely to be adapted to the environments. It was indicated that the urban green spaces as well as suburban secondary forests in Kyoto city are worthy to be conserved.
机译：通过比较15个孤立的城市绿地和郊区次生林之间的草本植物，研究了京都市城市绿地保护的意义。在总共58.9hm〜2的15个城市绿地中，共记录了376种草本植物，其中包括276种本地物种和100种外来物种。在1995年至1996年间，技术人员在京都大学Kamigamo实验林中调查的草本植物清单中记录了50.8hm〜2的郊区次生林中的355种草本植物，其中包括298种原生植物和57种外来物种。在城市绿地中，外来物种的比例很高，而在郊区次生森林中，外来物种的比例则很高（卡方检验和Haberman残差分析，p <0.05）。 Jaccard指数的城市绿地与郊区次生林之间的相似系数为0.48，Sorenson指数的相似系数为0.65。在郊区次生林的独特物种中，已知在演替后期出现的多年生植物百分比显着较高（卡方检验和Haberman残留分析，p <0.05）。这表明与城市绿地相比，郊区的次生林具有更稳定的环境。记录在郊区次生森林中的红色名录物种包括附生植物Sarcochilus japonicus（兰科），它生长在潮湿森林的树干上。但是在这15个城市绿地中没有记录到附生植物。据推测，与郊区次生林相比，偏远的城市绿地中的森林具有较少的潮湿环境，因为与具有较大森林面积的郊区次生林相比，它们的森林边缘数量更多，并且因为它们对太阳能敏感森林外部的辐射和风（边缘效应）。在城市绿地上记录的列入红色名录的物种包括Veronica didyma var。滨海（玄参科），莎草（莎草科）和C. nipponicus（莎草科）。它们过去都是市区的普遍物种。但是，在郊区次生林中没有记录到这些物种。 V. Didyma var。在城市绿地非林区的紧实路径上发现了丁香和丁香梭状芽孢杆菌，由于没有遮荫植被，本应受到大量的太阳辐射。人们认为，郊区的次生林为该物种提供的合适场所数量较少。尽管不能直接得出结论，但据认为，城市绿地具有保护曾经在自然环境中生长过的一些稀有草本植物的功能。此外，尽管就野生动植物栖息地而言，城市地区的自然曾经被认为次于郊区或农村地区，但据揭示，城市的绿色空间包括可能会适应环境的独特稀有草本植物。有人指出，京都市的城市绿地和郊区次生林值得保护。

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