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首页> 外文会议>International Peat Congress; 20040606-11; Tampere(FI) >DOES AFFORESTATION DECREASE CO_2 - FLUXES IN PEAT FIELDS?
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DOES AFFORESTATION DECREASE CO_2 - FLUXES IN PEAT FIELDS?

机译：造林能减少CO_2-稻田中的通量吗？

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In their pristine state, peatlands are carbon accumulating ecosystems. Arable agricultural use transforms peatlands into net sources of carbon to the atmosphere. Drainage lowers the water table and thus enhances aerobic decomposition processes. Furthermore, the agricultural activities such as fertilization, liming, ploughing, irrigation and compaction of soil by machines enhance the decomposition rate of peat. The area of cultivated organic fields in Finland is approximately 300 000 ha. As the cultivated organic soils are high sources of CO_2, different ways to reduce emissions are investigated. Afforestation of these fields could lower the CO_2 emissions but only scarce data on the effects of afforestation exist. In Finland afforestation of arable fields started at large scale in the 1960s. At present, the area of afforested organic agricultural soils exceeds 80 000 ha. In this study the objective is to define the impact of tree species, afforestation age, soil preparation, peat thickness, and other environmental factors on the soil CO_2 fluxes in afforested peat fields. The soil CO_2 flux was measured from afforested peat fields located in Kannus, western Finland. Six study sites which differ in tree species (birch and pine), afforestation age (6-35 years) and peat thickness (20-80 cm) were selected. Also the effect of soil preparation and aboveground litter was studied. Measurements were done with a portable CO_2 measurement system (PP systems). Only heterotrophic respiration (decomposition of OM) was included in the measurements: all the green parts of the plants were continually removed from the sample plots and respiration of living roots was terminated by installing a 30 cm cylinder into the peat. Soil temperature, water table level and soil moisture was measured simultaneously with chamber measurements. We present preliminary results on the effects of treatments and environmental variables on soil CO_2 fluxes using data measured during the first year of the project.
机译：泥炭地处于原始状态，是积碳的生态系统。可耕作的农业利用将泥炭地变成大气中的碳净来源。排水降低了地下水位，从而增强了有氧分解过程。此外，通过机械施肥，撒石灰，耕作，灌溉和土壤压实等农业活动提高了泥炭的分解速度。芬兰的有机耕地面积约为30万公顷。由于耕种的有机土壤是高CO_2的来源，因此研究了减少排放的不同方法。这些田地的植树造林可以降低CO_2的排放量，但是仅有很少的关于植树造林的数据。在芬兰，1960年代开始大规模耕种造林。目前，绿化有机农业土壤面积超过80 000公顷。本研究的目的是确定树木种类，造林年龄，整地，泥炭厚度和其他环境因素对造林泥炭田土壤CO_2通量的影响。从位于芬兰西部坎努斯的绿化泥炭田测量了土壤CO_2通量。选择了六个研究地点，这些研究地点的树种（桦木和松树），造林年龄（6-35岁）和泥炭厚度（20-80厘米）不同。还研究了整地和地上垃圾的作用。使用便携式CO​​_2测量系统（PP系统）进行测量。测量中仅包括异养呼吸（OM分解）：将植物的所有绿色部分不断从样地中移出，并通过在泥炭中安装一个30 cm的圆柱体终止活根的呼吸。在进行室内测量的同时，测量土壤温度，地下水位和土壤湿度。我们使用项目第一年期间测得的数据，介绍了处理方法和环境变量对土壤CO_2通量的影响的初步结果。

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