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首页> 外文会议>International Soil Conservation Organization Conference vol.1; 20020526-31; Beijing(CN) >Managing Soil Erosion on the Loess Plateau of China to Control Sediment Transport in the Yellow River-A Geomorphic Perspective
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Managing Soil Erosion on the Loess Plateau of China to Control Sediment Transport in the Yellow River-A Geomorphic Perspective

机译：黄土高原黄土高原水土流失治理-地貌学视角

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A key part of the strategy to manage the problems of flooding and sedimentation of the lower Yellow River in China is the control of soil erosion on the loess plateau. Land use practices are assumed to be the root cause of the high sediment yield and therefore able to be controlled. An analysis of the geomorphology of the loess plateau region shows that there are natural causes of high sediment yield. Loess is a highly erodible material, and the zonal distribution in China of the climatic factors which maximise erosion shows that the loess plateau is located where the potential for erosion, particularly of coarse sediment, is at a maximum. This area would be a zone of high soil erosion even if there were no loess present. Convex slope profiles are the predominant slope form in this landscape such that farming practices are confined to the plateau surface and the gentler upper slopes of the convex profiles. The lower ends of the convex slopes are too steep for farming and are often near vertical. These are therefore the locations of highest sediment production and are little affected by land use activities. Changes to the social and economic basis of agriculture in China over the past 20 years have caused an increase in pressure on land resources and it is unlikely that farmers will manage their land to control sediment yield unless this also increases productivity. The extent to which it will be possible to mobilise the rural population to participate in land management activities for soil erosion control and environmental benefits is also a key issue in this debate. The paper concludes that the reduction in sediment yield from the Loess Plateau by soil erosion control and revegetation is unlikely to be of sufficient magnitude to have a significant impact on the management of the lower Yellow River.
机译：黄土高原地区水土流失的控制是解决黄河下游洪水和泥沙问题战略的关键部分。土地使用实践被认为是高沉积物产量的根本原因，因此可以得到控制。对黄土高原地区地貌的分析表明，造成高产沙的自然原因。黄土是一种高度易蚀的物质，在中国，使侵蚀最大化的气候因子的区域分布表明，黄土高原位于潜在的侵蚀潜力最大的地方，特别是粗沙。即使没有黄土，该区域也将是土壤侵蚀严重的区域。凸形坡度轮廓是该景观中主要的坡度形式，因此耕作方式仅限于凸形轮廓的高原表面和较缓和的上坡度。凸坡的下端太陡峭，无法耕种，通常接近垂直方向。因此，这些是沉积物产量最高的地方，几乎不受土地利用活动的影响。在过去的20年中，中国农业社会和经济基础的变化引起了土地资源压力的增加，除非增加生产力，否则农民不太可能管理他们的土地来控制沉积物的产量。在这场辩论中，关键的问题是在何种程度上可以动员农村人口参加土地管理活动以控制水土流失和环境效益。本文的结论是，通过水土流失控制和植被恢复，黄土高原的沉积物产量减少的幅度不可能足以对黄河下游的管理产生重大影响。

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