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首页> 外文会议>International Soil Conservation Organization Conference vol.1; 20020526-31; Beijing(CN) >International and National Legal and Institutional Frameworks for the Sustainable Use of Soil
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International and National Legal and Institutional Frameworks for the Sustainable Use of Soil

机译：可持续利用土壤的国际和国家法律及体制框架

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摘要

In the period since the UNCED in 1992, more responsibilities have been placed on States to protect the local, regional and global environment, especially problems shared by the whole community such as soil degradation. Beginning in early 1999, a successful partnership developed between the environmental law and soil science disciplines to seek a better outcome for the global welfare of soil, including an improvement in the environmental law and policy for the sustainable use of soil. In October 2000 the World Congress of the IUCN (The World Conservation Union) passed the Resolution for the IUCN Environmental Law Program to develop legal guidelines, explanatory material and investigate a global legal instrument for the sustainable use of soils, and to pay particular attention to the ecological needs of soil and their ecological functions for the conservation of biodiversity and the maintenance of human life. Further, the February 2001 Decision of the Governing Council of UNEP (21/23, 2001) seeks the development and implementation of laws and policies for the sustainable use of soil through its Montevideo Program Ⅲ. This paper summarises the features of current national soil legislation, and the international environmental law regime for soil, and outlines aspects of the approach being taken by the IUCN Commission on Environmental Law to the development of legal and institutional frameworks for sustainable soil. The paper brings a greater focus on the need for more effective implementation of environmental law and policy at the global, regional and national level for soil conservation, and to achieve and maintain sustainable land use.
机译：自1992年环发会议以来，在国家保护地方，区域和全球环境，特别是整个社会共同面临的问题（例如土壤退化）方面，国家承担了更多责任。从1999年初开始，环境法与土壤科学学科之间建立了成功的伙伴关系，以期为全球土壤的福祉寻求更好的成果，包括改善环境法和土壤可持续利用的政策。 2000年10月，自然保护联盟世界大会（世界自然保护联盟）通过了世界自然保护联盟环境法计划的决议，以制定法律准则，解释性材料并研究可持续利用土壤的全球法律文书，并特别注意土壤的生态需求及其对保护生物多样性和维持人类生命的生态功能。此外，联合国环境规划署理事会2001年2月的决定（2001年2月23日）寻求通过其蒙得维的亚计划Ⅲ制定和实施可持续利用土壤的法律和政策。本文总结了当前国家土壤立法的特点以及国际土壤环境法律制度，并概述了自然保护联盟环境法委员会为发展可持续土壤法律和体制框架所采取的方法。本文更加关注在全球，区域和国家层面更有效地执行环境法律和政策以保护土壤，以及实现和维持可持续土地利用的需求。

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