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首页> 外文会议>International Symposium on Biomechanics in Sports vol.2; 20050822-27; Beijing(CN) >DIFFERENCES BETWEEN JUMPING AND SOMERSAULTING FROM A DIVING SPRINGBOARD: A SIMULATION STUDY
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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN JUMPING AND SOMERSAULTING FROM A DIVING SPRINGBOARD: A SIMULATION STUDY

机译：跳水跳板跳跃与跳跃之间的差异：模拟研究

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摘要

Maximum-height jumping and jumping for maximizing backward somersault rotations are simulated. The springboard is modeled by a rigid bar with point mass on the tip and a rotational spring on the other hinged end. The planar 4-segment human model is driven by torque actuators at the ankle, knee, and hip. Movement simulation begins from a balanced initial posture and stops at jump takeoff. The objective is to find joint torque activation patterns during board contact so that jump height or the number of backward rotations in flight (determined by takeoff kinematics) is maximized. Kinematic differences between jumps maximizing backward rotations and jumps maximizing height lie mainly in reduced knee angular velocity and consequently bent knees at takeoff. In addition, more significant hip flexion torque/activation is found in jumps maximizing rotations than that in maximum-height jumps. With reasonable model assumption, this kind of information may be useful for athletic training.
机译：模拟了最大高度跳跃和最大后翻筋斗跳跃的跳跃。跳板的模型是用一根刚性杆建模，该杆的尖端具有点质量，而铰接的另一端具有旋转弹簧。平面四段人体模型由脚踝，膝盖和臀部的扭矩执行器驱动。运动模拟从平衡的初始姿势开始，并在跳跃起飞时停止。目的是找到板接触期间的关节扭矩激活模式，以使跳跃高度或飞行中向后旋转的次数（由起飞运动学确定）最大。最大程度地向后旋转的跳跃和最大高度的跳跃之间的运动学差异主要在于降低的膝盖角速度，从而导致起飞时膝盖弯曲。另外，在最大化旋转的跳跃中比在最大高度跳跃中发现更显着的髋部屈曲扭矩/动作。在合理的模型假设下，此类信息可能对运动训练有用。

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