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Feasibility of R-Mode transmitted from MF-DGNSS radio beacons and AIS shore networks

机译：从MF-DGNSS无线电信标和AIS岸上网络发送R模式的可行性

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Position fixing systems are identified as one strategic key element of e-navigation. Existing and future Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) like GPS, GLONASS and GALILEO are fundamental infrastructures for global determination of PNT data. IALA has introduced the term "integrated PNT device" to describe the on-board part of a maritime integrated PNT system. The integrated PNT device is considered as "a device using any available IMO recognized radio navigation system simultaneously to provide the best electronic position fix for the ship". Additionally, terrestrial services are used to improve performance or to ensure backup functionality to overcome the vulnerability of GNSS. As a contribution to the development of redundant positioning, a terrestrial backup navigation system based on ranging signals (R-Mode) transmitted from MF radio beacons and/or AIS base stations was proposed by the German Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration. Both systems already allow the transmission of DGNSS data, i.e. for terrestrial GNSS augmentation. Furthermore both systems are globally distributed and are widely used in the maritime field. Certain amendments with a moderate investment of the above systems (so-called Ranging-Mode or R-Mode) are suggested, which would allow an additional world-wide terrestrial backup in coastal waters, high densely traffic areas and for harbour approach areas. To further develop the new system idea it was decided to perform a feasibility study as well as a practical field demonstration within a transnational EU project named ACCSEAS (Accessibility for Shipping, Efficiency, Advantages and Sustainability). The ACCSEAS project is an EU match-funded transnational project to analyze, develop, implement and demonstrate e-Navigation solutions. One aim within the ACCSEAS project is the implementation of a test bed at the Dutch Coast which should enable a proof of concept for the proposed R-Mode using MF transmission from an IALA radio beacon station. This test bed will be conducted by German Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration and the Netherlands Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment, Rijkswaterstaat. The full paper will generally explain the R-Mode system concept and various implementation methods. Furthermore it will provide first results of the R-Mode feasibility study performed within the ACCSEAS project. Main parts of the paper are based on the "Feasibility Study of R-Mode using MF DGPS Transmissions", provided from Dr. Gregory Johnson and Dr. Peter Swaszek (Alion Science and Technology) and Mr. Jurgen Alberding (Alberding GmbH).
机译：定位系统被认为是电子导航的战略关键要素之一。 GPS，GLONASS和GALILEO等现有和未来的全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）是全球确定PNT数据的基础设施。 IALA引入了术语“集成PNT设备”来描述海上集成PNT系统的机载部分。集成的PNT设备被认为是“同时使用任何可用的IMO认可的无线电导航系统为船舶提供最佳电子定位的设备”。此外，地面服务用于提高性能或确保备份功能以克服GNSS的漏洞。为了促进冗余定位的发展，德国联邦水运和航运管理局提出了一种基于测距信号（R模式）的地面备用导航系统，该测距信号是从MF无线电信标和/或AIS基站发射的。这两个系统都已经允许传输DGNSS数据，即用于地面GNSS增强。此外，这两个系统都分布在全球各地，并广泛用于海事领域。建议对上述系统进行适当的投资以进行某些修改（所谓的测距模式或R模式），这将允许在沿海水域，高密度交通区域以及港口进近区域进行额外的全球陆地后备。为了进一步发展新的系统构想，决定在名为ACCSEAS（运输的可及性，效率，优势和可持续性）的跨国欧盟项目中进行可行性研究和现场实地演示。 ACCSEAS项目是一项由欧盟提供资金的跨国项目，旨在分析，开发，实施和演示电子导航解决方案。 ACCSEAS项目的目标之一是在荷兰海岸实施测试台，该测试台应使用IALA无线电信标站的MF传输为拟议的R模式提供概念验证。该试验台将由德国联邦水路和航运管理局以及荷兰基础设施和环境部Rijkswaterstaat进行。全文将大致解释R-Mode系统的概念和各种实现方法。此外，它将提供ACCSEAS项目中进行的R模式可行性研究的初步结果。本文的主要部分基于“格雷格里·约翰逊博士（Alion Science and Technology）和彼得·斯瓦塞克博士（Alion Science and Technology）以及尤尔根·阿尔伯丁先生（Alberding GmbH）提供的“使用MF DGPS传输进行R模式的可行性研究”。

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