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首页> 外文会议>International thermal treatment technologies(IT3) amp; hazardous waste combustors (HWC) joint conference 2009 >A Comparison of Landfill Gas to Energy Technologies
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A Comparison of Landfill Gas to Energy Technologies

机译：垃圾填埋气与能源技术的比较

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Municipal Solid Waste decomposition in landfills produces a gas mixture (LFG) of approximately 35% carbon dioxide and 50% methane with an average energy content of 500 BTU/ft~3. Landfill emissions constituted 23% of the total anthropogenic methane emissions in 2007. Currently LFG is vented, collected and flared, or collected and converted to energy. The EPA's Landfill Methane Outreach Program estimates that there are 535 potential LFG to energy (LFGTE) projects which together could produce 13 billion kWh per year. To understand and compare the different LFGTE options, 7 energy conversion technologies were investigated (molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), internal combustion reciprocating engine (ICRE), gas turbine, microturbine, organic rankine cycle (ORC) engine, and Stirling cycle engine). The overall electrical efficiency of the systems ranged from 4% for the ORC engine to 32% for the MCFC. Emission rates varied across technologies as well, for example CO emissions ranged from 0.0009 pounds per million BTU of LFG (lb/mmBTU) for the PAFC to 0.84 lb/mmBTU for the ICRE. The payback periods ranged from 7 years for the Stirling engine to more than 50 years for the ORC engine. The appropriate technology for a given landfill is based on LFG flow and energy content, end energy user availability, and local emissions regulations, but the results of this study indicate that the gas turbine, with moderaternemissions and energy efficiency, and a short payback period, may be the most effective technology overall.
机译：垃圾填埋场中市政垃圾分解产生的气体混合物（LFG）约含35％的二氧化碳和50％的甲烷，平均能量含量为500 BTU / ft〜3。垃圾填埋场的排放量占2007年人为甲烷总排放量的23％。目前，LFG已排放，收集和燃烧，或收集并转化为能源。 EPA的“垃圾填埋场甲烷推广计划”估计，有535个潜在的LFG转化为能源（LFGTE）项目，每年合计可生产130亿千瓦时。为了理解和比较不同的LFGTE选项，研究了7种能量转换技术（熔融碳酸盐燃料电池（MCFC），磷酸燃料电池（PAFC），内燃机往复式发动机（ICRE），燃气轮机，微型涡轮机，有机朗肯循环（ORC） ）和斯特林循环引擎）。系统的整体电效率从ORC发动机的4％到MCFC的32％不等。排放率也因技术而异，例如，CO排放量从PAFC的LFG每百万BTU 0.0009磅（lb / mmBTU）到ICRE的0.84 lb / mmBTU不等。投资回收期从斯特林发动机的7年到ORC发动机的50年以上不等。给定垃圾填埋场的适当技术基于LFG流量和能量含量，最终能源用户的可利用性以及当地的排放法规，但这项研究的结果表明，燃气轮机具有中等排放量和能源效率，回收期短，可能是整体上最有效的技术。

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