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首页> 外文会议>International Water Association(IWA) Conference; 20050518-20; Xi'an(CN) >Design and operation of the bio-toilet system
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Design and operation of the bio-toilet system

机译：生物厕所系统的设计和运行

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Criteria for the proper design and operation of the bio-toilet have been established neither by the manufacturers nor by the authorities. Based on results of experimental research already reported by us, criteria for the proper design and operation of the bio-toilet system were established. Establishment of operation criteria led to the formulation of an operation scheme where three main zones are distinguished: ⅰ) green zone where the best composting performance is expected; ⅱ) yellow zone where biodegradation can be conducted but performance is not the most efficient; ⅲ) other zones where operation of the bio-toilet is not recommended because odor problems and human health risk will develop, or in the worst case, biodegradation of feces will not occur. In the design criteria, the surface area required to evaporating the water loads due to contributions of urine and feces was determined by applying concepts of drying theory. This theory was also applied to estimate the mass and volume of dried sawdust required for dealing with the critical water loading. However, accumulation of stabilized solids resulted to be more critical and finally mass and volume of dried sawdust were estimated based on this factor.
机译：制造商和主管部门都没有建立生物厕所正确设计和操作的标准。根据我们已经报告的实验研究结果，建立了生物厕所系统正确设计和运行的标准。制定作业标准导致制定了将三个主要区域区分开的作业方案：ⅰ）预期堆肥性能最佳的绿色区域； ⅱ）可以进行生物降解但性能不是最有效的黄色区域； ⅲ）不建议使用生物厕所的其他区域，因为这样会产生气味问题和人类健康风险，或者在最坏的情况下，不会发生粪便的生物降解。在设计标准中，通过应用干燥理论的概念来确定由于尿液和粪便的贡献而蒸发水负荷所需的表面积。该理论还被用于估计处理临界水负荷所需的干木屑的质量和体积。然而，稳定化固体的积累变得更为关键，最终基于该因素估算了干燥木屑的质量和体积。

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