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首页> 外文会议>International Yellow River Forum on Keeping Healthy Life of the River vol.4; 20051021-24; Zhengzhou(CN) >Morphological Processes Leading to Channel Avulsion, Ice Jamming and Overflow on the Yellow River Delta
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Morphological Processes Leading to Channel Avulsion, Ice Jamming and Overflow on the Yellow River Delta

机译：黄河三角洲导致河道撕裂，冰堵和溢流的形态过程

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This paper is intended to address problems of avulsion, overflowing and ice -jamming by analysis of evolving processes of longitudinal profiles, cross sections, and channel plan - form patterns of the strongly alluvial Yellow River estuary in order to determine when and where an channel avulsion, ice jamming and overbank flooding will take place. On average for the past 140 years, the Yellow River estuarine course shifted approximately once every 15 years. The frequent course shifting discourages economic investment and development such that the delta economy lags behind those of many other large deltas, e.g. the Yangtze River Delta. Many research projects have been undertaken in the past decades to stabilize the estuarine courses relatively. The current investigation recognizes three morphological processes contributing to occurrences of channel avulsion, ice jamming and overbank flooding. The longitudinal profile of the estuary tends to evolve into a terrace — shaped profile while lateral floodplain slopes tend to change from those permitting easy return of overflow back to the channel to slopes permitting easy flow away from the channel. Meanwhile, the upper part of the estuarine course tends to change from a wandering to a meandering pattern while the lower part continues to wander seawards. When a terrace - shaped profile develops, the likelihood of overflowing, ice jamming, and channel avulsion becomes greater in the estuarine course. Linking river flow and sediment load to historical records of such events leads to the understanding that less sediment load will delay heavy sedimentation and development of a terrace- shaped profile. If a terrace - shaped profile appears, however, the increasing sinuosity of the estuarine course can be discouraged by controlling the flow and sediment load entering the estuary. Despite the lack of complete understanding of the relationships between sinuosity, river flow, and sediment load, there is consensus recognition that year- to- year decreases in flow will increase sinuosity. In addition, results show that dredging and man -made small - scale shifting of the estuarine course should be executed when the terrace -shaped profile is formed. Moreover, dredging and artificial channel shifting should be done in the topset of the terrace or somewhere downstream.
机译：本文旨在通过分析强冲积黄河河口的纵向剖面，横截面和河道平面-形态模式的演变过程，来解决河道撕裂，溢流和堵冰的问题，从而确定河道何时何地撕裂。 ，将发生冰堵和堤岸泛滥。在过去的140年中，黄河河道平均平均每15年变化一次。经常变化的路线阻碍了经济投资和发展，从而使三角洲经济落后于许多其他大三角洲的经济，例如美国。长三角。在过去的几十年中，已经进行了许多研究项目来相对稳定河口课程。目前的调查认识到导致河道撕裂，冰堵和河滩泛滥的三种形态学过程。河口的纵向轮廓倾向于演变成梯形轮廓，而洪泛平原的侧向坡度则从允许溢流轻松返回通道的坡度变为允许流向通道的容易流动的坡度。同时，河口路线的上部趋于从游荡转变为曲折模式，而下部则继续向海游荡。当形成梯形轮廓时，在河道中溢流，结冰和通道撕脱的可能性变得更大。将河流流量和泥沙负荷与此类事件的历史记录联系起来，可以使人们认识到，较少的泥沙负荷将延迟沉重的沉积和梯形剖面的发展。但是，如果出现梯形轮廓，则可以通过控制进入河口的流量和泥沙负荷来阻止河口航向的增加的弯曲度。尽管对弯曲度，河流流量和泥沙量之间的关系缺乏完全的了解，但人们普遍认为，逐年减少流量会增加弯曲度。另外，结果表明，当形成梯形轮廓时，应进行疏course和人为的小规模河口路线转换。此外，应在梯田顶部或下游某处进行疏and和人工河道平移。

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