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首页> 外文会议>ISPRS (International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing) Workshop on Spatial Analysis and Decision Making; Dec 3-5, 2003; Hong Kong, China >A knowledge framework for representing, manipulating and reasoning with geographic semantics
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A knowledge framework for representing, manipulating and reasoning with geographic semantics

机译：用于使用地理语义表示，操作和推理的知识框架

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摘要

This paper describes a programmatic framework for representing, manipulating and reasoning with geographic semantics. The framework enables visualizing knowledge discovery, automating tool selection for user defined geographic problem solving, and evaluating semantic change in knowledge discovery environments. Methods, data and human experts (our resources) are described using ontologies. An entity's ontology describes, where applicable: uses, inputs, outputs, and semantic changes. These ontological descriptions are manipulated by an expert system to select methods, data and human experts to solve a specific user-defined problem; that is, a semantic description of the problem is compared to the services that each entity can provide to construct a graph of potential solutions. A minimal spanning tree representing the optimal (least-cost) solution is extracted from this graph, and displayed in real-time. The semantic change(s) that result from the interaction of data, methods and people contained within the resulting tree are determined via expressions of transformation semantics represented within the JESS expert system shell. The resulting description represents the formation history of each new information product (such as a map or overlay) and can be stored, indexed and searched as required. Examples are presented to show (1) the construction and visualization of information products, (2) the reasoning capabilities of the system to find alternative ways to produce information products from a set of data methods and expertise, given certain constraints and (3) the representation of the ensuing semantic changes by which an information product is synthesized.
机译：本文描述了一个用于表示，操纵和推理地理语义的程序框架。该框架可实现知识发现的可视化，为用户定义的地理问题解决方案自动进行工具选择以及评估知识发现环境中的语义变化。使用本体描述方法，数据和人类专家（我们的资源）。在适用的情况下，实体的本体描述：使用，输入，输出和语义更改。这些本体论描述由专家系统操纵，以选择方法，数据和人类专家来解决特定的用户定义问题。也就是说，将问题的语义描述与每个实体可以提供的服务进行比较，以构建潜在解决方案的图表。从该图中提取出代表最佳（最低成本）解决方案的最小生成树，并实时显示。通过包含在结果树中的数据，方法和人员之间的交互而导致的语义更改是通过JESS专家系统外壳中表示的转换语义的表达式确定的。生成的描述表示每个新信息产品（例如地图或覆盖图）的形成历史，并且可以根据需要进行存储，索引和搜索。给出的示例表明（1）信息产品的构建和可视化；（2）系统的推理能力，在一定的约束条件下，可以从一组数据方法和专业知识中找到生产信息产品的替代方法；以及（3）随后语义变化的表示，通过该变化合成信息产品。

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