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首页> 外文会议>IWA(International Water Association) International Conference on Wastewater Sludge as a Resource - Biosolids 2003; 20030623-25; Trondheim(NO) >What is the potential for utilizing the resources in sludge?
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What is the potential for utilizing the resources in sludge?

机译：利用污泥资源的潜力是什么？

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摘要

The successful strategy for water protection by biological wastewater treatment results in a sludge production of about 20 to 40 kg dry matter per population equivalent and year. In the context of regional material fluxes, sewage sludge has a low resource potential and a low pollution potential despite the fact that it can be characterised as a sink, concentrating wastewater compounds. The mass flow of nutrients (N, P) in the sewage sludge is comparatively small as compared to the losses of nutrients in agriculture. The most valuable element in the sludge is phosphorus, as the availability of phosphorus for the production of low-cost mineral fertiliser is limited. The most economical means of P-recycling is agricultural sludge application, which can also be seen as the option with the lowest loss of all valuable compounds of the sludge, and the lowest increase of entropy. The reliability of this disposal route for the treatment plant operator depends on several major pre-requisites: 1. reliability in regard to hygiene 2. reliability in regard to long-term soil protection 3. public acceptance (politicians, media) 4. acceptance by all parties involved in sludge application and its consequences (farmers, farmer unions, land owners, food industry, food trade, retailers, consumers, consumer associations, NGOs, etc.) Only the first two prerequisites can be based on scientific research and risk assessment. As a consequence, only for these two aspects can quality criteria and adequate procedures be developed and introduced into a legal framework and quality assurance procedures. The latter two pre-requisites must be addressed in terms of sociology, psychology and political science and have a strong educational aspect.
机译：通过生物废水处理实现成功的水保护策略，每人口当量和年产生的污泥干物质约为20至40千克。在区域性物质流的情况下，污水污泥的资源潜力低，污染潜力低，尽管事实上它可以表征为汇，浓缩废水化合物。与农业中养分的流失相比，污水污泥中养分（N，P）的质量流量相对较小。污泥中最有价值的元素是磷，因为生产低成本矿物肥料所用的磷有限。磷回收的最经济方法是施用农业污泥，这也可以看作是污泥中所有有价值的化合物损失最少，熵增加最少的选择。对于处理厂操作者而言，这种处置途径的可靠性取决于几个主要的先决条件：1.关于卫生的可靠性2.关于长期土壤保护的可靠性3.公众的接受（政客，媒体）4.被接受涉及污泥施用及其后果的所有各方（农民，农民工会，土地所有者，食品工业，食品贸易，零售商，消费者，消费者协会，非政府组织等）。只有前两个前提可以基于科学研究和风险评估。结果，只有在这两个方面，才能制定质量标准和适当的程序，并将其引入法律框架和质量保证程序中。后两个先决条件必须从社会学，心理学和政治学角度加以解决，并且具有很强的教育意义。

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