In an unpublished manuscript, Kripke argues against the usual view on the presupposition of too, according to which too induces a presupposition that there is an object different from the referent of the focus which satisfies the unfocused part of the sentence to which too applies. Rather, too has a presupposition that has to be anaphoric to particular objects which are parallel with the referent of the focus. Van der Sandt and Geurts try to formulate this observation in their binding theory of presupposition, which, though, fails to capture the full range of Kripke's original observation. This paper proposes a simple formulation of the observation by using Rooth's Alternative Semantics for focus and Stalnaker's ideas concerning presuppositions and context.
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机译：克里普克（Kripke）在未出版的手稿中也反对通常的关于前提的观点，即认为前提也存在这样的前提，即存在一个与焦点的指称对象不同的宾语，该对象也满足了该句子的非焦点部分。相反，也有一个预设，该预设必须与与焦点的参照物平行的特定对象相照应。 Van der Sandt和Geurts试图在他们的预设前提的约束理论中形成这一观察结果，但是，该理论未能涵盖Kripke最初观察的全部范围。本文通过使用Rooth的替代语义学作为焦点以及Stalnaker的关于预设和语境的思想，提出了一种简单的观察公式。
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